III
41. |
Grammar to Date
1. οἰκίαι μικραί.
2. ἐν ταῖς ἀγοραῖς.
3. ἐν οἰκίᾳ μικρᾷ.
4. ἡ οἰκία θύραν ἔχει.
5. ἡ ἡμέρα μακρὰ ἦν.
6. στρατιὰς μικρὰς ἔχουσι.
7. αἱ οἰκίαι θύρας ἔχουσι.
8. ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ οἰκίαι ἦσαν.
9. αἱ οἰκίαι μικραὶ ἦσαν.
10. μικραὶ ἦσαν αἱ θύραι τῶν οἰκιῶν.
1. small houses
2. in the market places
3. in a small house
4. The house has a door.
5. The day was long.
6. They have small armies.
7. The houses have doors.
8. In the country were houses.
9. The houses were small.
10. Small were the doors of the houses.
|
|
| 42. |
1. Of a long day.
2. For small armies.
3. In the market-place.
4. The country was small.
5. He has a small house.
1. ἡμέρας μακράς
2. στραταῖς μικραῖς
3. ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ
4. ἡ χώρα μικρὰ ἦν.
5. μικρὰν οικίαν ἔχει.
|
|
IV
46. |
Grammar to Date
1.ἐν τῇ κώμῃ ἦσαν μικραὶ σκηναί.
2. αἱ μικραὶ οἰκίαι κακαὶ ἦσαν.
3. αἱ σκηναὶ καλαὶ ἦσαν.
4. ἐν τῇ κώμῃ μάχη φοβερὰ ἦν.
5. ἡ κραυγὴ τῆς στρατιᾶς φοβερὰ ἦν.
6. ἐν ταῖς καλαῖς κώμαις ἦσαν οἰκίαι.
7. σφενδόνην ἔχει ἐν τῇ σκηνῇ.
8. κραυγὴ φοβερὰ ἐν ταῖς κώμαις ἦν.
9. ἐν ταῖς σκηναῖς ἦσαν αἱ σφενδόναι.
10. ἡ οἰκία μικρὰ ἦν καὶ ἡ σκηνὴ κακή.
1. In the village were small tents.
2. The small houses were bad.
3. The tents were beautiful.
4. In the village was a frightful battle.
5. The uproar of the army was frightful.
6. In the beautiful villages were houses.
7. He has a sling in the tent.
8. A fearful uproar was in the villages.
9. The slings were in the tents.
10. The house was small and the tent bad.
|
|
| 47. |
1. In the villages were tents.
2. They have slings in the tents.
3. The battles were fearful.
4. There was a small house in the village.
5. They have tents and slings.
1. ἐν ταῖς κώμαις ἦσαν σκηναί.
2. σφενδόνας ἔχουσιν ἐν ταῖς σκηναῖς.
3. αἱ μάχαι ἦσαν φοβεραί.
4. ἐν τῇ κώμῃ οἰκία μικρὰ ἦν.
5. σκηνὰς καὶ σφενδόνας ἔχουσιν.
|
|
V
57. |
Grammar to Date
1. βουλεύει.
2. λύουσι.
3. ἔχεις.
4. πέμπεις.
5. ἔχετε.
6. βουλεύομεν.
7. ἄγω.
8. ἁρπάζει.
9. ἁρπάζετε.
10. πέμπουσι.
1. He plans.
2. They loose (or destroy).
3. You have (or hold).
4. You send.
5. Y'all have (or hold).
6. We plot (or plan).
7. I lead (or carry or bring).
8. He seizes (or robs).
9. Y'all seize (or rob).
10. They send.
|
|
| 58. |
1. He plunders.
2. We lead.
3. They plan.
4. You send.
5. I loose.
1. ἁρπάζει.
2. ἄγομεν.
3. βουλεύουσι.
4. πέμπεις / πέμπετε.
5. λύω.
|
|
| 59. |
1. ἄγω στρατιὰν Ἑλληνικήν.
2. τὰς καλὰς σκηνὰς λύουσι.
3. οὐχ ἁρπάζω τὰς κώμας.
4. τὴν φυλακὴν ἄγουσιν ἐκ τῶν σκηνῶν.
5. ἔχουσιν οἰκίας καλάς.
6. αἱ κῶμαι πύλας οὐκ ἔχουσιν.
7. οὐ πέμπομεν τὴν φυλακήν.
8. ἁρπάζετε τὴν χώραν;
9. ἐκ τῶν κωμῶν πέμπει τὴν στρατιάν.
10. ἐκ τῆς ἀγορᾶς ἄγεις τὴν Ἑλληνικὴν φυλακήν;
1. I lead a Greek army.
2. They destroy the beautiful (or fine) tents.
3. I do not seize (or plunder) the villages.
4. They lead the guard (or garrison) out of the tents.
5. They have beautiful (or fine) houses.
6. The villages do not have gates.
7. We do not send the guard (or garrison).
8. Do y'all seize (or plunder) the land?
9. He sends the army out of the villages.
10. Do you lead (or bring) the Greek garrison out of the market-place?
|
|
| 60. |
1. Has he a Greek guard?
2. We are not destroying the gates.
3. I am sending a garrison.
4. You have a beautiful house.
5. He is not plundering the houses in the village.
1. ἔχειν Ἑλληνικὴν φυλακήν;
2. οὐ λύομεν τὰς πύλας.
3. πέμπω φυλακήν.
4. ἔχεις καλὴν οἰκίαν.
5. οὐχ ἁρπάζει τὰς οἰκίας ἐν τῇ κώμῃ.
|
|
VI
64. |
Grammar to Date
1. ἡ θάλαττα στενὴ ἦν.
2. ἔχει οἰκίας ἐπὶ τῇ θαλάττῃ;
3. τραπέζας ἐπὶ τῶν ἁμαξῶν ἄγετε.
4. εἰς τὴν ἀγορὰν πέμπουσιν ἁμάξας.
5. ἐπὶ τῇ γεφύρᾳ φυλακὴν ἔχει ἀγαθήν.
6. πέλτας ἔχομεν καὶ μαχαίρας ἀγαθάς.
7. ἐπὶ τὴν θάλατταν οὐκ ἄγω τὴν φυλακήν.
8. πέμπεις μαχαίρας τῇ στρατιᾷ;
9. ἐπὶ τὴν γέφυραν οὐκ ἄγει τὴν στρατιάν.
10. τὴν χώραν ἁρπάζεις ἐκ θαλάττης εἰς θάλατταν.
1. The sea was narrow.
2. Does he have houses by the sea?
3. Y'all are carrying tables on the wagons.
4. They send wagons into the market-place.
5. He has a brave guard at the bridge
6. We have shields and good sabres.
7. I do not lead the garrison to the sea.
8. Are you sending knives to the army?
9. He is not leading the army to the bridge.
10. You plunder the land from sea to sea.
|
|
| 65. |
1. We are destroying the tables.
2. They are not plundering the wagons.
3. The bridges were long and narrow.
4. Is he bringing the sabres on the wagon?
5. He does not lead the garrison from the villages to the sea.
1. λύομεν τὰς τραπέζας.
2. οὐχ ἁρπάζουσι τὰς ἁμάξας.
3. αἱ γέφυραι ἦσαν μακραὶ καὶ στεναί.
4. ἄγει τὰς μαχαίρας ἐπὶ τῆς ἁμάξης;
5. οὐκ ἄγει τὴν φυλακὴν ἐκ τῶν
κωμῶν εἰς τὴν θάλατταν.
|
|
VII
71. |
Grammar to Date
1.ἐλύετε.
2. ἦγον.
3. εἴχετε.
4. ἔλυον.
5. ἦγες.
6. εἶχε.
7. ἐβούλευες.
8. ἔπεμπε.
9. ἡρπάζομεν.
10. ἐβουλεύομεν.
1. Y'all were loosing.
2. I was (or They were) leading.
3. Y'all had.
4. I was loosing.
5. You were leading.
6. He was holding.
7. You were plotting.
8. He was sending.
9. We were plundering.
10. We were planning.
|
|
| 72. |
1. I loosed.
2. We had.
3. You sent.
4. He planned.
5. They plundered.
1. ἔλυον.
2. εἴχομεν.
3. ἔπεμπες.
4. ἐβούλευε.
5. ἥρπαζον.
|
|
| 73. |
1. ἡ οἰκία θύρας καλὰς εἶχε.
2. τὴν φυλακὴν ἔπεμπεν εἰς τὴν κώμην.
3. ἐν ταῖς κώμαις καλὰς εἶχεν οἰκίας.
4. ἥρπαζες τὰς σκηνάς;
5. ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας οὐκ ἦγες τὴν φυλακήν.
6. οὐχ ἡρπάζομεν τὰς μικρὰς κώμας.
7. ἁμάξας ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ εἴχετε.
8. ἐπὶ τὴν θάλατταν ἦγον τὴν Ἑλληνικὴν φυλακήν.
9. μαχαίρας καὶ σφενδόνας ἐπὶ τῆς ἁμάξης ἦγεν.
10. φυλακὴν Ἑλληνικὴν ἐπέμπομεν εἰς τὴν ἀγοράν.
1. The house had beautiful doors.
2. He was sending the guard into the village.
3. He had fine houses in the villages.
4. Were you plundering the tents?
5. You were not leading the guard from the house.
6. We were not robbing the little villages.
7. Y'all had wagons in the market-place.
8. I was (or They were) leading the Greek garrison to the sea.
9. He was carrying knives and slings on the wagon.
10. We sent a Greek garrison into the market-place.
|
|
| 74. |
1. He was destroying the tents.
2. We did not send the garrison to the bridge.
3. They plundered the wagons.
4. They did not lead the army from the village.
5. You led the guard from the houses to the sea.
1. τὰς σκηνὰς ἔλυεν.
2. τὴν φυλακὴν εἰς τὴν γέφυραν οὐκ ἐπέμπομεν.
3. ἡρπάζον τὰς ἁμάξας.
4. ἐκ τῆς κώμης οὐκ ἦγον τὴν στρατιάν.
5. τὴν φυλακὴν ἐκ τῶν οἰκιῶν εἰς τὴν θάλατταν ἦγες.
|
|
VIII
79. |
Grammar to Date
1. δῶρα ἔπεμπε τῇ στρατιᾷ;
2. ἐν τῷ χωρίῳ ἦσαν οἰκίαι.
3. ὁ πόλεμος φοβερὸς ἦν.
4. εἰς τὸ πεδίον ἔπεμπεν ἀνθρώπους.
5. τοὺς ἵππους ἄγομεν ἐκ τοῦ χωρίου.
6. ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ ἦσαν καὶ ἵπποι καὶ ἄνθρωποι.
7. δῶρα πέμπομεν τοῖς συμμάχοις.
8. οἱ σύμμαχοι ἐν πολέμῳ κακοὶ ἦσαν.
9. οἱ τῶν συμμάχων λόγοι καλοὶ ἦσαν.
10. ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ ἦσαν οἱ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἵπποι.
1. Was he sending gifts to the army?
2. In the place were houses.
3. The war was frightful.
4. He sent men to the plain.
5. We are leading the horses from the small place.
6. In the plain were both horses and men.
7. We are sending gifts to the allies.
8. The allies in the war were cowardly.
9. The allies' words were beautiful.
10. In the plain were the men's horses.
|
|
| 80. |
1. The allies had horses.
2. I led the horse into the village.
3. The place was narrow.
4. The man was a coward (i.e., cowardly) in war.
5. He sent horses to the allies.
1. οἱ σύμμαχοι εἶχον ἵππους.
2. εἰς τὴν κώμην τὸν ἵππον ἦγον.
3. τὸ χωρίον στενὸν ἦν.
4. ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἦν κακὸς ἐν πολέμῳ.
5. τοῖς συμμάχοις ἵππους ἔπεμπεν.
|
|
IX
84. |
Grammar to Date
1. στενὴ ἦν ἡ ὁδός.
2. ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ ἦν θηρία.
3. τὰ πλοῖα μακρὰ ἦν.
4. ἐπὶ τῷ ποταμῷ ἦν ὁ στρατηγός.
5. τόξα δέ, ὦ Κῦρε, οὐκ ἔχομεν.
6. ὁδὸς φανερὰ ἄγει εἰς τὰς τοῦ Κύρου κώμας.
7. εἰς τὸ πεδίον ὁ στρατηνγὸς ἔπεμπε τοὺς ἵππους.
8. τῷ στρατηγῷ οἶνον Κῦρος ἔπεμπε.
9. ἡ ὁδός, ὦ Κῦρε, ἄγει εἰς πεδίον καλόν.
10. ἦγον οἱ ἵπποι καὶ τοὺς στρατηγοὺς καὶ τὰ ὅπλα.
1. The road was narrow.
2. In the plain were wild animals.
3. The boats were long.
4. The general was at the river.
5. But, O Cyrus, we do not have bows.
6. A visible road leads into Cyrus' villages.
7. The general sent the horses into the plain.
8. Cyrus sent wine to the general.
9. The road, O Cyrus, leads into a beautiful plain.
10. The horses were carrying both the generals and the arms.
|
|
| 85. |
1. Cyrus sent gifts to the generals.
2. He led the horse into the river.
3. The general had ships of war.
4. We are sending the wine to Cyrus.
5. The generals sent horses to Cyrus.
1. Κῦρος δῶρα τοῖς στρατηγοῖς ἔπεμπεν.
2. τὸν ἵππον εἰς τὸν ποταμὸν ἦγεν.
3. ὁ στρατηγὸς πλοῖα μακρὰ εἶχεν.
4. πέμπομεν Κύρῳ τὸν οἶνον.
5. οἱ στρατηγοῖ ἵππους Κύρῳ ἔπεμπον.
|
|
X
95. |
Grammar to Date
1. ἕξουσι.
2. ἤθροισαν.
3. πέμψετε.
4. ἐκέλευσας.
5. ἐπιβουλεύσομεν.
6. ἐδιώξατε.
7. ἠγάγομεν.
8. ἄξετε.
9. ἔσχες.
10. ἡρπάσαμεν.
1. They will have.
2. They collected.
3. Y'all will send.
4. You commanded.
5. We shall plot against.
6. Y'all pursued.
7. We led.
8. Y'all will lead.
9. You had.
10. We seized.
|
|
| 96. |
1. I shall pursue.
2. We shall have.
3. We commanded.
4. He will collect.
5. They led (second aorist).
1. διώξω.
2. ἕξομεν.
3. ἐκελεύσαμεν.
4. ἀθροίσει.
5. ἤγαγον.
|
|
97. |
1. οὐ διώξω τοὺς πολεμίους.
2. τὰ δῶρα ἕξομεν;
3. τὰς σκηνὰς ἁρπάσουσιν οἱ βάρβαροι.
4. κελεύσει τὸν στρατηγὸν τοὺς ἀνθρώπους λύειν.
5. τοὺς συμμάχους ἤγαγεν εἰς (among) τοὺς βαρβάρους.
6. Κῦρος ἐπιβουλεύσει τῷ ἀδελφῷ.
7. τοῖς ἀνθρώποις τότε ἔπεμψε Κῦρος μισθόν.
8. ὁ δὲ στρατηγὸς τὴν φυλακὴν ἔσχε τὴν Ἑλληνικήν.
9. εἰς τὸ πεδίον ἀθροίσει τοὺς (his) Ἑλληνικοὺς συμμάχους.
10. καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν γέφυραν τὸν στρατηγὸν πέμπειν ἐκέλευσε Κῦρος φυλακήν.
1. I shall not pursue the enemy.
2. Shall we hold the gifts?
3. The barbarians will plunder the tents.
4. He will command the general to destroy the men.
5. He led the allies among the barbarians.
6. Cyrus will plot against his brother.
7. Then Cyrus sent pay to the men.
8. But the general had the Greek guard.
9. In the plain, he will collect his Greek allies.
10. And Cyrus comanded the general to send a garrison to the bridge.
|
|
| 98. |
1. The barbarians sent the man.
2. The generals brought (second aorist) horses at that time.
3. Will Cyrus send good wine to the general?
4. He will not plot against the allies.
5. He will command the general to pursue the enemy.
1. οἱ βάρβαροι ἔπεμψαν τὸν ἄνθρωπον.
2. ἵππους τότε ἤγαγον οἱ στρατηγοί.
3. ἀγαθὸν οἶνον τῷ στρατηγῷ Κῦρος πέμψει;
4. οὐκ ἐπιβουλεύσει τοῖς συμμάχοις.
5. κελεύσει τὸν στρατηγὸν διώκειν τοὺς πολεμίους.
|
|
XI
103. |
Grammar to Date
1. στρατιώτας καὶ ἵππους ἀθροίσω τῷ Κύρῳ.
2. ὁ δὲ νεανίας τοῖς στρατιώταις ἐπεβούλευε.
3. ἐπὶ τὸν Εὐφράτην ποταμὸν ἄξει τοὺς στρατιώτας.
4. καὶ τοὺς σὺν τῷ στρατηγῷ ὁπλίτας ἤγαγον εἰς κώμας.
5. τὸν Πέρσην ἤγαγεν εἰς τὴν τοῦ στρατιώτου σκηνήν;
6. οἱ στρατιῶται ἐν φυλακῇ ἕξουσι τοὺς Πέρσας.
7. τὸν Εὐφράτην ποταμὸν ἐν δεξιᾷ ἔχει.
8. ὁ δὲ στρατηγὸς οὔτε τοξότην εἶχεν οὔτε πελταστήν.
9. σὺν τοῖς (his) πελτασταῖς ἐδίωκε τοὺς τοξότας.
10. ὁ δὲ στρατηγὸς τριακοσίους ὁπλίτας καὶ πελταστὰς ἔχει.
1. I shall collect soldiers and horses for Cyrus.
2. But the young man was plotting against the soldiers.
3. He will lead the soldiers to the Euphrates river.
4. And they led the hoplites (that were) with the general into villages.
5. Did he lead the Persian into the soldier's tent?
6. The soldiers will hold the Persians in guard.
7. He has the Euphrates river on his right.
8. But the general had neither a bowman nor a targeteer.
9. He was pursuing the bowmen with his targeteers.
10. But the general has 300 hoplites and targeteers.
|
|
| 104. |
1. The general was not leading the hoplites.
2. Both the targeteers and the bowmen were brave.
3. The young man was in the village.
4. They sent hoplites and targeteers.
5. He will send beautiful gifts to the Persians.
1. ὁ στρατηγὸς τοὺς ὁπλίτας οὐκ ἤγεν.
2. καὶ οἱ πελτασταὶ καὶ οἱ τοξόται ἀγαθοὶ ἦσαν.
3. ὁ νεανίας ἐν τῇ κώμῃ ἦν.
4. ὁπλίτας καὶ πελταστὰς ἔπεμψαν.
5. καλὰ δῶρα τοῖς Πέρσαις πέμψει.
|
|
XII
117. |
Grammar to Date
1. ἐσχήκατε.
2. ἐλελύκει.
3. ἐστρατεύκασι.
4. τέθυκε.
5. ἐσχήκη.
6. ἡρπάκαμεν.
7. διηρπάκεσαν.
8. πέπομφας.
9. ἐκεκελεύκεσαν.
10. ἐπιβεβουλεύκασι.
1.Y'all have had.
2. He had loosed.
3. They have made an expedition.
4. He has sacrificed.
5. I had had.
6. We have plundered.
7. They had sacked.
8. You have sent.
9. They had commanded.
10. They have plotted against.
|
|
| 118. |
1. We have had.
2. I had commanded.
3. They had pursued.
4. You have sent.
5. He has plotted against.
1. ἐσχήκαμεν.
2. ἐκεκελεύκη.
3. ἐδεδιώχεσαν.
4. πέπομφας.
5. επιβεβούλευκε.
|
|
| 119. |
1. τοὺς πολεμίους δεδιώχαμεν διὰ τῶν κωμῶν εἰς τὴν θάλατταν.
2. καὶ τὰς ἁμάξας οἱ βάρβαροι διηρπάκεσαν.
3. τριακοσίους δαρεικοὺς ἐπεπόμφεμεν τοῖς ὁπλίταις.
4. Κλέαρχος δὲ ἐπεβεβουλεύκει τοῖς Πέρσαις.
5. οἱ στρατιῶται τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἤχεσαν πρὸς Κῦρον.
6. οὐκ ἐκεκελεύκει ὁ Κλέαρχος τοὺς στρατιώτας θύειν.
7. ἐπὶ τὴν τῶν πολεμίων χώραν ἐστρατεύκατε.
8. λελύκασι τοὺς (their) ὅρκους οἱ στρατηγοί· οὐ γὰρ τεθύκασι τοῖς θεοῖς.
9. ἤθροικας, ὦ Κῦρε, ἐπὶ τοὺς βαρβάρους τοὺς πελταστὰς καὶ τοὺς τοξότας.
10. οἱ δὲ στρατιῶται τὰς ἁμάξας ἐλελύκεσαν διὰ τὸν (their) τῶν πολεμίων φόβον.
1.We have pursued the enemy through the villages to the sea.
2. And the barbarians had plundered the wagons completely.
3. We had sent 300 darics to the hoplites.
4. But Clearchus had plotted against the Persians.
5. The soldiers had led the man to Cyrus.
6. Clearchus had not commanded the soldiers to sacrifice.
7. Y'all have made an expedition to the enemy's country.
8. The generals have broken their oaths; for they have not sacrificed to the gods.
9. You have collected, O Cyrus, the targeteers and the bowmen against the barbarians.
10. But the soldiers had destroyed the wagons on account of their fear of the enemy.
|
|
| 120. |
1. We have broken our oaths.
2. The soldiers had sacrificed to the gods.
3. Have the peltasts sacked the villages?
4. The soldier has plotted against Cyrus.
5. His brother had ordered Cyrus to send gifts.
1. τοὺς ὅρκους λελύκαμεν.
2. οἱ στρατιῶται τοῖς θεοῖς ἐτεθύκεσαν.
3. τὰς κώμας οἱ πελτασταὶ διηρπάκασιν;
4. ὁ στρατιώτης τῷ Κύρῳ επιβεβούλευκε.
5. ὁ ἀδελφὸς τὸν Κῦρον δῶρα πέμπειν ἐκεκελεύκει.
|
|
XIII
125. |
Grammar to Date
Κῦρος, ὁ τοῦ Δαρείου
υἱός, Πέρσης ἦν καλὸς καὶ ἀγαθός. σατράπην δὲ
αὐτὸν ἐποίησεν ὁ Δαρεῖος τῆς Λυδίας καὶ τῆς Φρυγίας καὶ τῆς Καππαδοκίας.
Cyrus, the son of Darius II, was a Persian, beautiful and good. And Darias made him satrap of Lydia, Phrygia, and Cappadocia.
Χωρία δὲ ἰσχυρὰ εἶχεν ἐν τῇ ἀρχῇ ὁ Κῦρος καὶ πλοῖα
μακρὰ ἐν τῇ θαλάττῃ, καὶ
στρατιῶται δὲ αὐτῷ ἐν τῇ
χώρᾳ ἦσαν ἀγαθοί, ὁπλῖται Ἑλληνικοὶ καὶ πελτασταὶ
καὶ τοξόται Περσικοί.
And Cyrus had a stronghold in the satrapy and war boats in the sea, and there were even brave soldiers for him in the country, Greek hoplites and targeteers and Persian bowmen.
Τισσαφέρνης δέ, ὁ τῆς Καρίας σατράπης, τῷ Κύρῳ πολέμιος ἦν, τότε δὲ οὔτε
ἐστράτευεν ἐπ' αὐτὸν οὔτε διήρπαζε τὴν χώραν. Κῦρος γὰρ στρατηγὸς ἐν πολέμῳ δεινὸς ἦν, υἱὸς δὲ τοῦ Δαρείου· ὥστε φόβον εἶχεν ὁ Τισσαφέρνης πρὸς Κῦρον.
Now Tissaphernes, the satrap of Caria, was an enemy to Cyrus, although at that time was making neither expedition against him nor sacking his country. For general Cyrus was skillful in war and was son of Darius, so that Tassaphernes held fear towards Cyrus.
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XIV
132. |
Grammar to Date
1. ὄνοι ἄγριοι καὶ ἵπποι ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ ἦσαν.
2. ὁ Εὐφράτης ποταμὸς ἄπορος ἦν.
3. ἡ δὲ ὁδὸς στενὴ ἦν καὶ ὀρθία.
4. ἕξομεν δέ, ὦ Κῦρε, τὰ ἐπιτήδεια;
5. ὁ Ἀρταξέρξης τῷ ἀδελφῷ πολέμιος ἦν.
6. διὰ φιλίας ἀρχῆς ἄξει ὁ σατράπης τοὺς στρατιώτας.
7. τὴν πολεμίαν χώραν Δαρεῖος διηρπάκει.
8. ὥστε τῷ Ἀρταξέρξῃ πάνυ πολέμιος ἦν, Κῦρῳ δὲ πιστός.
9. οὐκ ἄξιον ἦν τῷ ὁπλίτῃ παίειν τὸν Περσικὸν τοξότην.
10. οἱ Πέρσαι οὔτε φίλιοι οὔτε πιστοὶ ἦσαν.
1. Wild asses and horses were in the plain.
2. The Euphrates river was impassable.
3. But the way was narrow and steep.
4. But Cyrus, will we have supplies?
5. Ataxerxes II was hostile to his brother.
6. The viceroy will lead the soldiers through a friendly province.
7. Darius had sacked the hostile country.
8. Wherefore he was wholly hostile to Ataxerxes II, but faithful to Cyrus.
9. It was not right for the hoplite to strike the Persian bowman.
10. The Persians were neither friendly nor trustworthy.
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| 133. |
1. The road was impassable.
2. Cyrus did not send provisions to the garrison.
3. They will lead the men to strongholds.
4. The hoplites were good and faithful soldiers.
5. It was right for Cyrus to send gifts to his soldiers.
1. ἡ ὁδὸς ἄπορος ἦν.
2. τὰ ἐπιτήδεια τῇ φυλακῇ ὁ Κῦρος οὐκ ἔπεμψε.
3. ἄξουσι τοὺς ἀνθρώπους χωρίοις ἰσχυροῖς.
4. οἱ ὁπλῖται ἀγαθοὶ καὶ πιστοὶ στρατιῶται ἦσαν.
5. ἄξιον ἦν τῷ Κύρῳ πέμπειν δῶρα τοῖς στρατιώταις.
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| 134. |
Κῦρος οὖν σατράπης ἦν τῆς Λυδίας καὶ τῆς φρυγίας καὶ τῆς Καππαδοκίας. ἐπεὶ δὲ ἐτελεύτησε Δαρεῖος,
Ἀρταξέρξης
ὁ τοῦ Κύρου ἀδελφὸς ἐβασίλευσε τῶν Περσῶν, καὶ Τισσαφέρνης διαβάλλει τὸν Κῦρον πρὸς τὸν ἀδελφὸν ὡς ἐπιβουλεύει αὐτῷ. ὁ
δ' Ἀρταξέρξης συλλαμβάνει Κῦρον.
Then Cyrus was the viceroy of Lydia, Phrygia, and Cappadocia. And when Darius had died, Cyrus' brother, Artaxerxes II, became king of the Persians. Tissaphernes falsely accuses Cyrus of plotting against his brother, and Artexerxes arrests Cyrus.
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XV
142. |
Grammar to Date
1. ὁπλίτας ἤχασιν ἀντὶ τοξοτῶν.
2. τοῖς συμμάχοις οὕτως ἐπιβουλεύετε.
3. Κῦρον δὲ ἠτίμακε.
4. θηρία ἀπὸ ἵππου τεθήρευκα.
5. τὰς ἐπιστολὰς πέμψομεν τοῖς φίλοις;
6. Κλέαρχος, ὦ στρατιῶται, ἐπεὶ τοὺς ὅρκους λέλυκε, τὴν δίκην ἔχει.
7. τὴν δὲ χώραν ἡρπάκαμεν διὰ τὸν ὄλεθρον τῶν στρατιωτῶν.
8. τὸν ἄγγελον πέμπει πάλιν ἐπὶ τὸ ἰσχυρὸν χωρίον.
1. They have sent hoplites instead of bowmen.
2. So y'all are plotting against (your) allies.
3. But he has dishonored Cyrus.
4. I have hunted wild beasts on horseback.
5. Will we send the letters to (our) friends?
6. O soldiers, Clearchus, since he has broken (his) oaths, has (his) punishment.
7. And we have plundered the land on account of the loss of the soldiers.
8. He sends the messenger back to the stronghold.
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| 143. |
1. We shall collect allies for our friends.
2. He has hunted wild beasts on horseback.
3. The messenger will sacrifice to the gods.
4. I have commanded the soldiers to plunder the wagons.
5. Cyrus sends the general a letter.
1. συμμάχους ἀθροίσομεν τοῖς φίλοις.
2. θηρία ἀπὸ ἵππου τεθήρευκε.
3. ὁ ἄγγελος τοῖς θεοῖς θύσει.
4. κεκέλευκα τὰς στρατιώτας ἁρπάζειν τὰς ἁμάξας.
5. ἐπιστολὴν τῷ στρατηγῷ Κῦρος πέμπει.
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| 144. |
οὕτω δὴ ἠτίμαζε τὸν ἀδελφὸν Ἀρταξέρξης. ἡ δὲ μήτηρ λύει Κῦρον καὶ ἀποπέμπει πάλιν ἐπὶ τὴν ἀρχήν. Κῦρος δὲ ἐπεὶ ἧκεν εἰς τὴν Λυδίαν, βουλεύει ὅπως βασιλεύσει ἀντὶ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ · πολέμιος γὰρ αὐτῷ ἦν. οἱ δ' ἐν τῇ ἀρχῇ βάρβαροι Κύρῳ φίλιοι καὶ πιστοὶ ἦσαν.
And thus Artaxerxes was dishonoring his brother. But his mother releases Cyrus and she lets him go back to his satrapy. And since Cyrus was coming into Lydia, he is planning how he will be king instead of his brother; for he was hostile to him. And the barbarians in the province were friendly and faithful to Cyrus.
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XVI
151. |
Grammar to Date
1. τὸν φρούραρχον ἐπεπαίκεσαν.
2. Κῦρος οὖν τὦ ἀδελφῷ κακὸν ἐβούλευεν.
3. οἱ νεανίαι τόξα μακρὰ ἤχεσαν καὶ σφενδόνας ἀγαθάς.
4. καὶ ὁ στρατηγὸς ἐστράτευσεν ἐπὶ τὴν τοῦ σατράπου χώραν.
5. συνεπέμπομεν τῷ στρατηγῷ ἄλλους στρατιώτας ἀγαθούς.
6. ἐπεὶ ἔλυσαν τὰς σπονδάς, τὰς κώμας διαρπάσομεν.
7. οἱ δὲ βάρβαροι ἐτόξευσαν ἀπὸ τῶν ἵππων.
8. τὸν λοχαγὸν ὧδε ἦγον πρὸς τὸν Κλέαρχον.
9. ὁ γὰρ Ἀρταξέρξνς ἐκεκελεύκει τὸν σατράπην δασμοὺς πέμπειν.
10. στρατιώτας ἐν τῷ ἰσχυρῷ χωρίῳ εἴχετε ἱκανοὺς τὰς κώμας διαρπάζειν.
1. They had struck the commander of the garrison.
2. Cyrus therefore was plotting evil for his brother.
3. The young men had brought long bows and good slings.
4. And the general made an expedition to the country of the viceroy.
5. We were sending other good soldiers with the general.
6. Since they broke the truce, we will sack the villages.
7. But the barbarians shot bows from their horses.
8. They were / I was leading the captain to Clearchus as follows.
9. For Artaxerxes II had commanded the satrap to send tributes.
10. You had enough soldiers in the stronghold to completely plunder the villages.
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| 152. |
1. I had collected hoplites and bowmen as follows.
2. They planned evil for the others.
3. The hoplites with Cyrus were plundering the wagons.
4. Both generals and captains had sacrificed.
5. He bade the satrap send gifts.
1. ὁλίτας καὶ τοξάτας ὧδε ἠθροίκη.
2. κακὸν τοῖς ἀλλοῖς ἐβούλευσαν.
3. τὰς ἁμάξας οἱ σὺν τῷ Κύρῳ ὁπλίται ἥρπαζον.
4. καὶ στρατηγοὶ καὶ λοχαγοὶ ἐτεθύκεσαν.
5. τὸν σατράπην ἐκέλευσε δῶρα πέμπειν.
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| 153. |
τὴν δὲ στρατιὰν τὴν Ἑλληνικὴν
ὧδε ἤθροιζε· τοὺς τῶν φυλακῶν
φρουράρχους κελεύει ἀθροίζειν
στρατιώτας Πελοποννησίους·
ἐνόμιζε γάρ, ὡς (as) ἔλεγε,
Τισσαφέρνην ἐπιβουλεύειν
τῇ ἀρχῇ.
καὶ ἡ μὲν ἄλλη Ἰωνία τότε τῷ
Κύρῳ φιλία καὶ πιστὴ ἦν,
Μίλητος δὲ πολεμία.
Κῦρος οὖν τὴν Μίλητον
πολιορκεῖ καὶ κατὰ (by) γῆν (land) καὶ
κατὰ θάλατταν.
And he was collecting the Greek army as follows: he ordered the commanders of the garrisons to collect the Peloponnesian soldiers; for he considered, as he said, Tissaphernes to be plotting against his rule. And the rest of Ionia at that time was certainly friendly and faithful to Cyrus, although Miletus was hostile. Accordingly, Cyrus beseiges Miletus both by land and by sea.
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XVII
162. |
Grammar to Date
1. αὗται αἱ οἰκίαι θύρας ἔχουσι.
2. οὗτοι οἱ στρατιῶται ἔπαιον τὸν ξένον.
3. Ἀρίστιππος δὲ ὁ Θετταλὸς ξένος ἦν αὐτῷ.
4. μετὰ δὲ τοῦτον Κλέαρχος αὐτὸς ἔλεξε τάδε.
5. καὶ ἤθροιζον τοὺς πελταστὰς οὕτως οὗτοι.
6. τὰ αὐτὰ ταῦτα βουλεύουσι.
7. καὶ κελεύει αὐτοὺς λέγειν ταῦτα.
8. αὕτη ἡ ἐπιβουλὴ οὐκ ἦν φανερά.
9. οὗτος δὲ ὁ αὐτὸς κελεύει ἐκείνους ἁρπάζειν τὴν χώραν.
10. ταῦτα ἔλεξε Κλέαρχος · οἱ δὲ στρατιῶται, οἵ τε αὐτοῦ ἐκείνου καὶ οἱ ἄλλοι, ἐκέλευον αὐτὸν ἄγειν τὴν στρατιάν.
1. These houses have doors.
2. These soldiers were beating the stranger.
3. But Aristippus the Thessalian was a stranger to him.
4. And after this Clearchus himself said this (the following).
5. And so these collected the targeteers.
6. They are planning these same things.
7. And he commands them to say these.
8. This plot was not evident.
9. But this same man orders those to plunder the country.
10. Clearchus said these things; but the soldiers, both of his yonder, and the others, were ordering him to lead the army.
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| 163. |
1. These soldiers were friendly.
2. Cyrus sent these soldiers their pay.
3. But the general spoke to them as follows.
4. They conduct him to the same general.
1. οὗτοι οἱ στρατιῶται φίλιοι ἦσαν.
2. ὁ Κῦρος τούτοις τοῖς στρατιῶταις τὸν μισθὸν ἔπεμψεν.
3. ὁ δὲ στρατηγὸς ἔλεξε αὐτοῖς τάδε.
4. αὐτὸν ἄγουσι πρὸς τὸν αὐτὸν στρατηγόν.
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| 164. |
οὕτως οὖν ἐπὶ Μίλητον τὴν
στρατιὰν ἤθροιζεν ὁ Κῦρος.
πρὸς δὲ τὸν ἀδελφὸν ἀγγέλους
ἔπεμψε καὶ ἔλεξε τάδε ·
"ἐπιθυμῶ, ὦ Ἀρταξέρξη, καὶ
(also)
τῆς Ἰωνίας σατραπεύειν,
Τισσαφέρνην δ' ἐκ τῆς χώρας
ἐκβάλλειν."
καὶ ἡ μήτηρ συμπράττει
αὐτῷ ταῦτα.
ὥστε οὐχ ὑποπτεύει ὁ
Ἀρταξέρξης τὴν τοῦ Κύρου
ἐπιβουλήν · ἀπέπεμπε
γὰρ αὐτῷ τοὺς δασμοὺς
ἐκεῖνος.
So in this way was Cyrus collecting his army against Miletus. And he sent messengers to his brother and said
this, "I desire, O Artaxerxes, also to rule Ionia and to throw Tissaphernes out of the country." His
mother even cooperates with him in this. And so Artaxerxes does not suspect Cyrus' plan; for that one
(Cyrus) was sending off his tribute to him.
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XVIII
171. |
Grammar to Date
1. εἶ ἐπὶ (in the power of) τῷ ἀδελφῷ.
2. οὐκ ἄξιόν ἐστι τὰς σπονδὰς λύειν.
3. ἐνταῦθα γάρ ἐστιν ἡ πάροδος στενή.
4. Κύρῳ μᾶλλον φίλοι ἐστὲ ἢ τῷ ἀδελφῷ.
5. ἦμεν ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ.
6. Κλεάρχῳ δὲ μύριοι δαρεικοί εἰσι.
7. ξένοι ἐσμέν, ὦ Κῦρε, τῷ σατράπῃ.
8. αἱ δὲ πηγαὶ τοῦ Μαιάνδρου ποταμοῦ εἰσιν ἐκ τῶν βασιλείων.
9. Κύρῳ ἐστέ, ὦ στρατιῶται, καὶ φίλοι καὶ σύμμαχοι.
10. ἔστι δὲ Κύρῳ καὶ βασίλεια καὶ χωρίον ἰσχυρὸν ἐπὶ ταῖς τοῦ ποταμοῦ πηγαῖς.
1. You are in the power of your brother.
2. It is not right to break the truce.
3. For (t)here the passage is narrow.
4. Y'all are friendlier to Cyrus than to his brother.
5. We were in the park.
6. And there are 10,000 darics for Clearchus (Clearchus has ... ).
7. We are strangers, O Cyrus, to the satrap.
8. And the sources of the Maeander river are from the palaces.
9. Soldiers, you are both friends and allies to Cyrus.
10. But there are to Cyrus (Cyrus has ... ) both a palace and a stronghold by the river's fountains.
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| 172. |
1. This country is hostile to Artaxerxes.
2. The soldiers have arms and horses.
3. These friends of Cyrus were soldiers.
4. For you are in a hostile land.
5. In this place there was a beautiful park.
1. αὕτη χώρα Ἀρταξέρξῃ πολέμιά ἐστι.
2. εἴσι τοῖς στρατιώταις ὅπλα καὶ ἵππους.
3. οὗτοι φίλοι Κύρου στρατιῶται ἦσαν.
4. εἶ γὰρ ἐν χώρᾳ πολεμίᾳ.
5. ἐνταῦθα καλὸς παράδεισος ἦν.
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| 173. |
ἄλλους δὲ στρατιώτας Κύρῳ ἤθροιζε
Κλέαρχος ὁ Λακεδαιμόνιος
ἐν Χερρονήσῳ· τούτῳ γὰρ ὡς
(as) φίλῳ παρέσχε μυρίους
δαρεικούς.
Ἀρίστιππος
δὲ ὁ Θετταλὸς
ξένος ἦν αὐτῷ, καὶ ἐν Θετταλίᾳ
στρατιὰν
ἤθροιζεν. ἐκέλευσε
δὲ καὶ Πρόξενον
καὶ Σοφαίνετον μετὰ τῶν ἄλλων
στρατηγῶν στρατεύειν·
καὶ ἐποίουν
οὕτως οὗτοι.
And Clearchus the Lacedaemonian collected other soldiers for Cyrus in Chernonese;
for he gave 10,000 darics to this man as to a friend.
And Aristippus the Thessalian was a guest-friend to him and was collecting an army in Thessaly.
And he commanded both Proxenus and Sophaenetus, along with the other generals, to make an expedition;
and these were doing so.
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XIX
179. |
Grammar to Date
1. συστρατεύσεται σὺν Κύρῳ · πιστεύει γὰρ αὐτῷ.
2. οὐκ ἐπείθου τοῖς θεοῖς.
3. τῇ δ' ἀληθείᾳ ἐπορεύοντο ἐπὶ τὸν ποταμόν.
4. Ἀρταξέρξης τὴν στρατιὰν ἄξεται.
5. τοὺς στρατιώτας ἕτοιμοί ἐσμεν λύεσθαι.
6. Κῦρος δὲ μεταπέμπεται τὸ βαρβαρικόν.
7. διὰ τοῦ πεδίου ἐπορευόμεθα εἰς κώμας.
8. Κῦρος δὲ τοῖς στρατηγοῖς καὶ τοῖς λοχαγοῖς συμβουλεύεται.
9. πέραν δὲ τοῦ Εὐφράτου ἦν κώμη · ἐκ ταύτης οἱ στρατιῶται ἠγοράζοντο τὰ ἐπιτήδεια.
1. He will take the field with Cyrus; for he trusts him.
2. You were not obeying the gods.
3. And truthfully they were proceeding to the river.
4. Artaxerxes will lead his own army.
5. We are prepared to ransom the soldiers.
6. And Cyrus summons his Persian force.
7. We were proceeding through the plain into villages.
8. And Cyrus consults with the generals and the captains.
9. And across the Euphrates was a village; from that the soldiers bought provisions for themselves.
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| 180. |
1. And he was proceeding on the wagon.
2. The bowmen send for their bows.
3. He did not obey his brother.
4. You did not proceed to Cyrus.
5. The targeteers will purchase provisions for themselves.
1. ἐπορεύετο δ' ἐπὶ τῆς ἁμάξης.
2. μεταπέμπονται τὰ τόξα οἱ τοξόται.
3. οὐκ ἐπείθετο τῷ ἀδελπῷ.
4. οὐκ ἐπορεύου εἰς τὸν Κῦρον.
5. ἀγοράσονται τὰ ἐπιτήδεια οἱ πελτάσται.
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| 181. |
ἐπεὶ δ' ἕτοιμος ἦν Κῦρος
πορεύεσθαι ἄνω, λέγει μὲν
ὅτι στρατεύεται ἐπὶ Πισίδας
· τῇ δ' ἀληθείᾳ ἐπὶ τὸν ἀδελφὸν
ἐπορεύετο.
καὶ ἀθροίζει ὡς (as if)
ἐπὶ τούτους τό τε βαρβαρικὸν
καὶ τὸ Ἑλληνικόν.
ἐνταῦθα καὶ κελεύει τόν τε
Κλέαρχον ἥκειν καὶ τὸν
Ἀρίστιππον ἀποπέμπειν
εἰς Λυδίαν τοὺς ἐν
Θετταλίᾳ στρατιώτας.
ἐκέλευσε δὲ καὶ τοὺς
ἄλλους ξένους συστρατεύεσθαι.
οἱ δὲ ἐπείθοντο · ἐπίστευον
γὰρ αὐτῷ.
And when Cyrus was ready to proceed upwards, he says that he is taking part in the expedition upon the Pisidians; but, truthfully, he was proceeding against his brother. And he collects, as if against those (Pisidians), both the Persians and the Hellenes. And thereupon he commands both Clearchus to come, and Aristippus to send the soldiers in Thessaly to Lydia. And he also commanded the other foreign soldiers to take the field. And they obeyed; for they trusted him.
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XX
189. |
Grammar to Date
1. πεπόρευνται παρὰ τὸν Κῦρον.
2. οὗτος τοῦ πρὸς τοὺς βαρβάρους πολέμου ἡδέως πεπαύσεται.
3. τόν τε στρατηγὸν καὶ τὸν σατράπην ἀπεπέμψατο.
4. οἱ δὲ στρατιῶται ἐπεπόρευντο σταθμοὺς πέντε διὰ φιλίας χώρας.
5. ὀλίγοι τῶν στρατιωτῶν τὰ ἐπιτήδεια ἠγοράσαντο.
6. οἱ ὁπλῖται πεπόρευνται ἐπὶ τὸ ἄκρον.
7. καὶ ὁ σατράπης μετερπέμψατο ἵππους καὶ ὅπλα καὶ τὴν ἄλλην παρασκευὴν εἰς Φρυγίαν.
8. οἱ πολέμιοι οὐκ ἐπαύσαντο τῆς κραυγῆς διὰ ὅλης τῆς ἡμέρας.
9. ἐπεὶ δὲ καὶ οὗτοι παρῆσαν, ἐστρατεύσατο Κῦρος εἰς τὴν τῶν πολεμίων χώραν.
1. They proceeded to the side of Cyrus.
2. He will gladly have stopped warring against the barbarians.
3. He dismissed both the general and the viceroy.
4. And the soldiers had proceeded five day's march through friendly country.
5. A few of the soldiers bought themselves supplies.
6. The hoplites have proceeded to the summit.
7. The viceroy also summoned horses, arms, and the other equipment to Phrygia.
8. The enemy did not cease from the uproar throughout the entire day.
9. And when these also were present, Cyrus made an expedition into the enemy's territory.
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| 190. |
1. Cyrus summoned few of the captains.
2. They have proceeded to the sources of the river.
3. He has consulted with Cyrus.
4. You will gladly have ceased from battle.
5. The army had advanced five days' march.
1. ὁ Κῦρος ὀλίγους τῶν λοχαγῶν μετεπέμψατο.
2. ἐπὶ τὰς τοῦ ποταμοῦ πηγὰς πεπόρευνται.
3. συμβεβούλευται τῷ Κύρῳ.
4. ἡδέως πέπαυσει τῆς μάχης.
5. πέντε σταθμοὺς επεπόρευτο ἡ στρατιά.
|
|
191. |
οὗτοι μὲν παρῆσαν αὐτῷ εὶς Σάρδεις.
Τισσαφέρνης δὲ ἐπορεύετο παρὰ τὸν Ἀρταξέρξην · οὐ γὰρ ἐνόμιζε τὴν παρασκευὴν ταύτην εἶναι ἐπὶ Πισίδας.
καὶ Ἀρταξέρξης, ἐπεὶ ταῦτ' ἔλεξε Τισσαφέρνης, ἀντιπαρασκευάζεται.
Κῦρος δὲ ἔχων τούτους τοὺς στρατιώτας ἐξελαύνει ἀπὸ Σάρδεων διὰ τῆς Λυδίας σταθμοὺς τρεῖς (trēs) ἐπὶ τὸν Μαίανδρον ποταμόν. ἐπὶ δὲ τούτῳ γέφυρα ἐπῆν.
ἐντεῦθεν ἐξελαύνει διὰ Φρυγίας εἰς Κολοσσάς.
These men were beside him into Sardis. But Tissaphernes proceeded to the side of Artaxerxes; for he did not believe this preparation to be against Pisidias. And Artaxerxes, when Tissaphernes reported this, prepares himself in turn.
And Cyrus marches with these soldiers from Sardis through Lydia, three day's march to the Maeander River. And on it was a bridge. And from there he marches through Phrygia to Colossae.
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XXI
205. |
Grammar to Date
1. λυθησόμεθα ἐκ τούτων τῶν δεινῶν.
2. ἐν δὲ τῇ στενῇ ὁδῷ ἐπιέσθημεν ὑπὸ τῶν πολεμίων.
3. λέγεται ἄγγελος ἥκειν παρὰ Δαρείου.
4. οὕτω δὴ μετεπέμφθησαν οἱ τοξόται.
5. ἐδιώκοντο διὰ τοῦ πεδίου παρασάγγας ἑπτά.
6. ἐπιστολὴ ἐγράφη παρὰ τὸν Κλέαρχον.
7. ἐκ τῶν κωμῶν διηρπάσθη ὑπὸ τῶν βαρβάρων τὰ ὅπλα.
8. ἐπὶ τῷ δεξιῷ ἐτοξεύθησαν ὁπλῖται εἴκοσιν.
9. ἐντεῦθεν πεμφθήσονται ὑπὸ Κύρου εἰς Φρυγίαν.
1. We shall be released from these perils.
2. And in the narrow road we were pressed hard by the enemy.
3. A messenger is reported to have come from Darius.
4. And so in this way the bowmen were summoned.
5. They were being pursued through the plain seven parasangs.
6. A letter was written to Clearchus.
7. The arms were completely plundered from the villages by the barbarians.
8. Twenty hoplites on the right wing were shot by arrows.
9. They will be sent by Cyrus from this place into Phrygia.
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| 206. |
1. Twenty heavy-armed men were brought from this place.
2. The bridge will be destroyed.
3. He was persuaded by the general.
4. Five targeteers on the right (wing) were shot.
5. They will be hard pressed by the soldiers.
1. ἐντεῦθεν ἤχθησαν ὁπλῖται εἴκοσιν.
2. ἡ γέφυρα λυθήσεται.
3. πέπεισται τῷ στρατηγῷ.
4. ἐπὶ τῷ δεξιῷ ἐτοξεύθησαν πελτασταὶ πέντε.
5. ὑπὸ τῶν στρατιωτῶν πιεσθήσονται.
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| 207. |
ἐνταῦθα Κῦρος μένει ἡμέρας ἑπτά · καὶ ἧκε Μένων ὁ Θεττελὸς ὁπλίτας ἔχων καὶ πελταστάς. ἐντεῦθεν ἐξελαύνει παρασάγγας εἴκοσιν εἰς Κελαινάς.
ένταῦθα Κύρῳ βασίλεια ἦν καὶ παράδεισος. ἐν δὲ τούτῳ ἦν ἄγρια θηρία · ταῦτα ἐκεῖνος ἐθήρευεν ἀπὸ ἵππου. οὕτω γὰρ ἐγύμναζε τοὺς ἵππους. διὰ δὲ τοῦ παραδείσου ῥεῖ ὁ Μαίανδρος ποταμός · αἱ δὲ πηγαὶ αὐτοῦ εἰσιν ἐκ τῶν βασιλείων · ῥεῖ δὲ καὶ διὰ Κελαινῶν.
Cyrus remains there seven days. And Menon the Thessalian came, having hoplites and targeteers. From there he marches twenty parasangs to Celaenae.
Cyrus had a palace and a park there. In it were wild beasts, which he used to hunt from horseback. For in this way he was exercising the horses. Now through the park flows the Maeander river, and its springs are from the palace. What's more, it also flows through Celaenae.
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XXII
213. |
Grammar to Date
1. καταλελειμμένοι εἰσὶ τριάκοντα τοξόται;
2. ἅμα δὲ ἐπέπεμψο, ὦ Πρόξενε, ἐπὶ τὴν γέφυραν.
3. κατακέκοπται τοῖς πολεμίοις ἡ στρατιά.
4. ὁπλῖται χίλιοι πεπεμμένοι ἦσαν κατὰ θάλατταν.
5. ὀλίγοι τῶν Κύρου φίλων καταλελειμμένοι ἦσαν.
6. λελειμμένοι ἦσαν οἱ στρατιῶται.
7. ἐκ ταύτης τῆς κώμης ἄγγελος ἐπέπεμπτο πρὸς Κῦρον.
8. τὰ δένδρα κέκοπται.
9. Κῦρος ἀποπέπεμπται τὸν ἄγγελον.
10. τοὺς ὁπλίτας μεταπεπέμμεθα ἐκ τῆς φρυγίας.
1. Have thirty bowmen been left behind?
2. But at the same time, Proxenus, you had been sent to the bridge.
3. The army has been cut down by the enemy.
4. 1000 hoplites had been sent by sea.
5. Few of Cyrus' friends had been left behind.
6. The soldiers had been left.
7. A messenger from this village had been sent to Cyrus.
8. The trees have been felled.
9. Cyrus has dismissed the messenger.
10. We have summoned the hoplites from Phrygia.
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| 214. |
1. The army had been cut to pieces by the satrap.
2. Twenty bowmen have been left behind in the plain.
3. A letter had been written at the same time.
4. A messenger has been sent away to the satrap.
5. For a thousand soldiers had been sent to the stronghold.
1. ἡ στρατιὰ τῷ σατράπῃ κατεκέκοπτο.
2. καταλελειμμένοι εἰσὶν ἐν παιδίῳ εἴκοσι τοξόται.
3. ἅμα ἐγέγραπτο ἐπιστολή.
4. ἄγγελος ἐπὶ τὸν σατράπην ἀποπέπεμπται.
5. στρατιῶται γὰρ χίλιοι ἐπὶ τὸ ἰσχυρὸν χωρίον πεπεμμένοι ἦσαν.
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| 215. |
ἔστι δὲ καὶ Ἀρταξέρξου βασίλεια ἐν Κελαιναῖς ἐρυμνὰ ἐπὶ ταῖς πηγαῖς τοῦ Μαρσύου ποταμοῦ · ῥεῖ δὲ καὶ οὗτος διὰ Κελαινῶν.
ένταῦθα μένει Κῦρος ἡμέρας τριάκοντα · καὶ ἧκε Κλέαρχος ἔχων ὀπλίτας χιλίους καὶ πελταστὰς καὶ τοξότας.
ἅμα δὲ καὶ Σοφαίνετος παρ-ῆν ἔχων ὁπλίτας χιλίους. καὶ ἐνταῦθα Κῦρος ἀριθμὸν τῶν Ἑλληνικῶν στρατιωτῶν ἐποίησεν ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ, καὶ ἦσαν ὁπλῖται μὲν μύριοι καὶ χίλιοι, πελτασταὶ δὲ δισχίλιοι.
There is also Artaxerxes' fortified palace in Calaenae, by the springs of the river Marsyas, which also flows through Calaenae.
Here Cyrus remains for thirty days. And Clearchus came having 1000 hoplites, peltasts, and bowmen. Sophaenetus was present at the same time, having 1000 hoplites. And there Cyrus made a count of the Greek soldiers in the park; and there were 11,000 hoplites and 2000 peltasts.
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XXIII
223. |
Grammar to Date
1. τοῦτον δὴ εὖ πεφυλάγμεθα.
2. ἦκται ἡ στρατιὰ κατὰ (against) τὸ τῶν πολεμίων μέσον.
3. οἱ δὲ πολέμιοι ἠθροισμένοι εἰσὶ καὶ συντεταγμένοι.
4. Ἀρταξέρξης εἰς μάχην παρεσκεύαστο.
5. οὗτοι οἱ στρατιῶται εὖ τεταγμένοι εἰσίν.
6. τῷ δὲ λοχαγῷ τούτῳ ἡδέως πέπεισμαι.
7. ἐτέτακτο δὲ ἐπὶ τῷ εὐωνύμῳ οὗτος ὁ στρατηγός.
8. οἱ στρατηγοὶ ἠγμένοι ἦσαν εἰς τὴν Ἀρταξέρξου σκηνήν.
9. καὶ τὰ ὅπλα τοῖς στρατιώταις ἐπὶ ἁμαξῶν ἦκτο καὶ ὑποζυγίων.
10. αἱ δὲ σκηναὶ πεφυλαγμέναι εἰσὶ τοῖς βαρβάροις.
1. We guarded ourselves well indeed against this.
2. The army has been led against the center of the enemy.
3. But the enemy has been collected and marshalled.
4. Artexerxes had prepared himself for battle.
5. These soldiers have been arranged well.
6. But I’ve gladly obeyed this captain.
7. And this general had been posted on the left.
8. The generals had been led into the tent of Artaxerxes.
9. The arms for the soldiers had been brought on both wagons and beasts of burden.
10. And the tents have been defended by the barbarians.
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| 224. |
1. The fellow has been led into the presence of Clearchus.
2. But we had obeyed Cyrus.
3. The men on the left (wing) had been posted at the bridge.
4. You have prepared yourselves against dreadful foes.
5. The horses and the beasts of burden had been led through a hostile country.
1. ὁ ἄνθρωπος πρὸς τὸν Κλεάρχον ἦκται.
2. ἐπεπείσμεθα δὲ Κύρῳ.
3. οἱ εὐώνυμοι ἄνθρωποι ἐπὶ τῇ γεφύρᾳ ἐτεταγμένοι ἦσαν.
4. παρεσκεύασθε πρὸς δεινούς πολεμίους.
5. οἱ ἵπποι καὶ τὰ ὑποζύγια διὰ χώρας πολεμίας ἠγμένοι ἦσαν.
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| 225. |
ἐντεῦθεν ἐξελαύνει εἰς Θύμβριον.
ἐνταῦθα
ἦν παρὰ τὴν ὁδὸν κρήνη· ἐπὶ δὲ ταύτῃ λέγεται Μίδας
τὸν Σάτυρον θηρεῦσαι.
ἐντεῦθεν ἐξελαύνει εἰς Τυριαῖον,
καὶ ἐξετάζει ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ τὴν στρατιάν.
ἐκέλευσε δὲ τοὺς Ἑλληνικοὺς στρατιώτας ταχθῆναι ὥσπερ
εἰς (for) μάχην.
ἐτάχθησαν οὖν ἐπὶ τεττάρων (four deep)· εἶχε δὲ τὸ μὲν δεξιὸν Μένων καὶ οἱ
σὺν αὐτῷ, τὸ δὲ εὐώνυμον Κλέαρχος καὶ οἱ ἐκείνου, τὸ δὲ μέσον οἱ ἄλλοι
στρατηγοί.
He marches from this place into Thymbrium. In this place there was a spring near the road, and at this Midas is said to have caught Silenus the satyr. Thence he marches into Tyriaeum and examines the army in the plain. And he ordered the Greek soldiers to be drawn up as if for battle. They were therefore arranged four deep. And Menon and those with him had the right, and Clearchus and his men yonder had the left, and the other generals had the middle.
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XXIV
236. |
Grammar to Date
1. σύμμαχοι ἀγαθοί εἰσιν οἱ ἀμφὶ Κῦρον.
2. οἱ δὲ ἀλλοι ἐθήρευον τὰ θηρία ἀπὸ ἵππων.
3. οἱ Κύρου φίλοι ἐστρατευμένοι εἰσιν ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ.
4. ταῦτα περὶ τῆς στρατιᾶς ἄγγελοι παρὰ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ ἔλεξαν Κύρῳ πρὸ τῆς μάχης.
5. μετὰ τοῦτο πορεύονται ἑπτὰ στραθμοὺς ἀνὰ πέντε παρασάγγας τῆς ἡμέρας παρὰ τὸν ποταμόν.
6 Κῦρος οὐκ ἔστιν ἐπὶ τῷ ἀδελφῷ, ἀλλ’ ἄξιός ἐστιν ἄρχειν ἀντ’ ἐκείνου.
7. ἐκεῖνος δὲ τῶν ὁπλιτῶν ἦρχεν · οὗτοι δ’ αὖ πρὸ αὐτοῦ Ἀρταξέρξου τεταγμένοι ἦσαν.
8. Κῦρος ἐκέλευσε τὸν Κλέαρχον πρῶτον μὲν τάττειν τοὺς στρατιώτας, εἶτα δὲ ἄγειν διὰ τοῦ πεδίου.
9. ὁ δὲ σατράπης πορεύεται εὐθὺς παρὰ τὸν Ἀρταξέρξην, καὶ στρατιώτας ἔχει ἀμφὶ τοὺς τριακοσίους.
1. Those about Cyrus were brave allies.
2. But the others were hunting wild beasts from horseback.
3. The friends of Cyrus took the field on his behalf.
4. The scouts from his brother reported these things about the army to Cyrus before the battle.
5. After this they proceed eight day’s march at the rate of five parasangs per day along the river.
6. Cyrus is not close to his brother, but is worthy to rule instead of him.
7. But that one was commanding the hoplites; and they in turn had been marshaled before Artaxerxes himself.
8. Cyrus ordered Clearcus first to draw up the soldiers, and then to lead (them) through the plain.
9. And the satrap proceeds immediately against Artaxerxes, and has 300 soldiers around him.
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| 237. |
1. The messengers will proceed from the market place to the tents.
2. Cyrus and his staff proceed immediately to the palace.
3. He had a stronghold above the village.
4. Before the battle the generals sacrificed in their tents to the gods.
1. οἱ ἄγγελοι πορεύσονται ἐξ τῇ ἀγορᾷ εἰς τὰς σκηνάς.
2. εὐθὺς τῇ βασίλείᾳ Κῦρος καὶ οἱ ἀμφὶ αὐτὸν πορεύονται.
3. χωρίον ἰσχυρον εἶχε ὑπὲρ τῆς κώμης.
4. πρὸ τὴς μάχης οἱ στρατηγοῖ ἐν ταῖς σκηναῖς τεθύκασι τοῖς θεοῖς.
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| 238. |
ἐξετάζει οὖν ὁ Κῦρος πρῶτον μὲν τοὺς βαρβάρους · οἱ δὲ παρελαύνουσι τεταγμένοι κατὰ ἴλας · εἶτα δὲ τοὺς ἄλλους στρατιώτας. μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἔπεμψεν ἄγγελον παρὰ τοὺς στρατηγοὺς τοὺς Ἑλληνικοὺς καὶ ὲκέλευσε πορεύεσθαι ὥσπερ εἰς μάχην · οἱ δὲ ταῦτα ἔλεξαν τοῖς στρατιώταις · καὶ ἐπεὶ ἐσάλπιγξεν ὁ σαλπικτής, προβάλλονται τὰ ὅπλα καὶ σὺν κραυγῇ τρέχουσιν ἐπὶ τὰς σκηνάς. τοῦτο δὲ τοῖς βαρβάροις φόβον παρεῖχε.
And so Cyrus closely examines first the barbarians, (which) having been drawn up ride past in companies, and then the rest of the soldiers. He sent behind these (soldiers) a messenger to the Greek generals and ordered them to proceed as if into battle, and they told this to their soldiers. And when the trumpeter sounded the charge, they present arms and with a shout run toward the tents. This caused fear in the barbarians.
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XXV
246. |
Grammar to Date
1. Κλέαρχος εἶχεν ὁπλίτας χιλίους καὶ πελταστὰς Θρᾷκας.
2. ἐκέλευσε πορεύεσθαι τὴν φάλαγγα.
3. διὰ τοῦ θώρακος ἐτοξεύθη ὑπὸ τοῦ Κίλικος.
4. τότε δὲ ἅμα τῇ ἡμέρᾳ κήρυκας ἔπεμψε περὶ σπονδῶν.
5. ἐν δὲ τῇ εἰς τὸ πεδίον εἰσβολῇ τεταγμένοι εὶσὶ τῶν Κιλίκων φύλακες.
6. ἀλλ’ ἐν μέσῳ ἦμεν τοῦ ποταμοῦ καὶ τῆς διώρυχος.
7. οἱ γάρ τοξόται τοὺς κλῶπας ἐδίωξαν.
8. τὸ δὲ εὐώνυμον τῆς φάλαγγος αὐτῶν παρά τῷ ποταμῷ ἦν.
9. τοῖς γὰρ Θρᾳξὶ πολέμιος ἦν.
10. ἐντεῦθεν ἐπορεύοντο ἐπὶ τὴν διώρυχα · γέφυραι δ’ ἐπῆσαν.
1. Clearchus had 1000 hoplites and Thracian peltasts.
2. He ordered the phalanx to proceed.
3. The Thracian was shot through his breastplate with an arrow.
4. And then at daybreak he sent heralds concerning a truce.
5. And in the entrance to the plain the guards of the Cicilians were assembled.
6. But we were in between the river and the ditch.
7. For the bowmen pursued the thieves.
8. And the left wing their phalanx was beside the river.
9. For he was hostile to the Thracians.
10. From here they proceeded to the canal, and over (it) were bridges.
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| 247. |
1. This thief was dishonored.
2. The Cilicians have horses.
3. He sent Thracians (as) guards.
4. The heavy-armed men had breastplates.
5. The canal is long and narrow, and a bridge is upon (it).
1. ὅδε κλώψ ἠτίμαπται.
2. ἵππους οἱ Κίλικες ἔχουσι.
3. θρᾷκας ἔπεμψε ὡς φυλακάς.
4. οἱ ὁπλῖται εἶχον θώρακας.
5. ἡ διῶρύξ ἐστι μακρὰ καὶ στενή · γέφυρα δ’ ἔπεστιν.
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| 248. |
ἐκ δὲ Τυριαίου ἐξελαύνει πρὸς Δάνα. καὶ Λυκαονίαν διήρπασαν οἱ στρατιῶται · πολεμία γὰρ αὐτῷ ἦν. ἐν δὲ Δάνοις μένει ὁ Κῦρος ἡμέρας τρεῖς, καὶ ἀποκτείνει Μεγαφέρνην, φοινικιστὴν Βασίλειον · ἐπεβούλευε γὰρ αὐτῷ. ἐντεῦθεν εἰσέβαλλον εἰς τὴν Κιλικίαν · ἡ δὲ εἰσβολὴ ἦν ὁδὸς ἁμαξιτός, ὀρθία καὶ στενή · ἐλέγετο δὲ καὶ Συέννεσις ὁ Κίλιξ εἶναι ἐπὶ τῶν ἄκρων, φυλάττων τὴν εἰσβολήν. διὰ τοῦτο ἔμενον ἡμέραν ἐν τῷ πεδίῷ.
And he marches out of Tyriaeum toward Dana. And the soldiers sacked Lycaonia, for it was hostile to him. And Cyrus remains in Dana three days, and kills Megaphernes, wearer of the royal purple, for he was plotting against him. From this place they tried to enter into Cilicia, but the entrance was a wagon-road, steep and narrow. And Syennesis the Cilician was also reported to be on the summits, guarding the pass. On account of this they remained a day in the plain.
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XXVI
256. |
Grammar to Date
1. ἐν δὲ ταῖς σκηναῖς ἦσαν ἀσπίδες.
2. ἔστι δὲ στράτευμα Περσικὸν ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ.
3. τοῖς οὖν θεοῖς χάριν εἶχον τῆς νίκης.
4. τὴν γέφυραν ταύτην λέλυκεν ὁ σατράπης τῆς νυκτός.
5. τῷ δὲ γέροντι τούτῳ ἐκεῖνοι πολέμιοι ἦσαν.
6. ἐπορεύοντο δὲ εὐθὺς ἐπὶ τὸ τοῦ ποταμοῦ στόμα.
7. σὺν τοῖς θεοῖς καλαὶ τῷ στρατεύματι ἐλπίδες εἰσἰ νίκης.
8. ἐν δὲ ταῖς οἰκίαις ἦσαν ὄρνιθες.
9. ἔχομεν καὶ ὅπλα καὶ ἅρματα καὶ ἱκανὰ τὰ ἐπιτήδεια.
1. And in the tents were shields.
2. And there is a Persian army in the park.
3. Therefore they were thankful to the gods for victory.
4. The viceroy destroyed this bridge during the night.
5. But to this old man those were enemies.
6. And they proceeded immediately to the river’s mouth.
7. With the gods, the army has fine hopes because of victory.
8. But there were birds in the houses.
9. We have both arms and chariots, as well as sufficient supplies.
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| 257. |
1. We feel grateful to the old man.
2. At night they ceased from battle.
3. Cyrus had twenty chariots.
4. The bowmen shot birds and wild asses in the plain.
5. The army was cut to pieces by these barbarians.
1. χάριν ἔχομεν τῷ γέροντι.
2. τῆς νυκτός πέπαυνται τῆς μάχης.
3. ἅρματα εἴκοσι Κύρῳ ἦσαν.
4. οἱ τοξόται ἐτόξευσαν ὄρνιθας καὶ ὄνους ἀγρίους ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ.
5. κατεκόπησαν τὸ στράτευμα ὑπὸ τούτων τῶν βαρβάρων.
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| 258. |
τῇ δ’ ὑστεραίᾳ ἧκεν ἄγγελος λέγων ὅτι πέφευγε Συέννεσις. Κῦρος οὖν ἀναβαίνει ἐπὶ τὰ ἄκρα, ἐντεῦθεν δὲ καταβαίνει εἰς πεδίον καλόν. διὰ δὲ τούτου ἐλαύνει παρασάγγας πέντε καὶ εἴκοσιν εἰς Ταρσούς, ἔνθα ἦν βασίλεια. ἐν δὲ τῇ ὑπερβολῇ τῇ εἰς τὸ πεδίον κατεκόπησαν, ὡς λέγεται, ἑκατὸν ὁπλῖται τοῦ Μένωνος στρατεύματος ὑπὸ τῶν Κιλίκων. οἱ δὲ ἄλλοι ἐπεὶ ἧκον, Ταρσοὺς διήρπασαν διὰ τὸν ὄλεθρον τῶν στρατιωτῶν.
And on the following day came a messenger saying that Syennesis has fled. Cyrus accordingly goes up to the summits, and thence goes down into the beautiful plain. Through this he marches five and twenty parasangs into Tarsus, where there was a palace. And in the pass leading into the plain, as it is reported, 100 hoplites of Menon’s army were cut down by the Cilicians. And when the rest came, they sacked Tarsus on account of the loss of the soldiers.
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XXVII
265. |
1. ἥκει ἔχων πᾶν τὸ στράτευμα.
2. ταῦτα δὲ ἔλεξε πᾶσι τοῖς στρατιώταις.
3. οἱ δὲ ὁπλῖται ἅπαντες ἦσαν μύριοι καὶ χίλιοι.
4. ὁ νεανίας χαρίεις ἐστί.
5. ὗστερον δὲ χρήματα ἔπεμψεν ἑκὼν παντὶ τῷ στρατεύματι.
6. εἰς δὲ τὸν παράδεισον ἔτι συνάγει πᾶν τὸ στράτευμα.
7. αἱ σπονδαί εἰσι καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις ἅπασιν.
8. στρατηγὸς ἤδη ἦν ὁ Κῦρος πάντων τῶν ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ βαρβάρων.
9. ἀλλά, ὦ Κλέαρχε, οὐκέτι πορευσόμεθα ἑκόντες σὺν Κύρῳ.
10. πάντες γὰρ θαυμάσονται τοῦτον τὸν στόλον.
1. He has come having his entire army.
2. And he said these things to all the troops.
3. And the hoplites altogether were 11,000.
4. The young man is accomplished.
5. Afterwards, he willingly sent things to the whole army.
6. He is still collecting the entire army into the park.
7. The truce is also for all the others.
8. Cyrus was already general of all the barbarians on the plain.
9. But, O Clearchus, no longer shall we march willingly with Cyrus.
10. For they will all wonder at this expedition.
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| 266. |
1. Everything has been done by the generals.
2. All the soldiers were proceeding willingly.
3. The gifts of the satrap were all beautiful.
4. Afterwards all the guards were drawn up.
5. The entire army proceeded through the plain twenty-five parasangs.
1. πάντα παρεσκεύανται εἰσί ὑπὸ τῶν στρατηγῶν.
2. ἑκόντες ἐπορεύοντο πάντες οἱ στρατιῶται.
3. καλὰ ἢν τὰ σατράπου δῶρα πάντα.
4. ὕστερον ἐταχθησαν πάντες φύλακες.
5. πᾶν τὸ στράτευμα ἐπορεύθη διὰ τοῦ πεδίου παρασάγγας πέντε καὶ εἴκοσιν.
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| 267. |
ἐνταῦθα μένει Κῦρος καὶ ἡ στρατιὰ ἡμέρας εἴκοσιν. οἱ γὰρ στρατιῶται οὐκέτι ἤθελον πορεύεσθαι· ὑπώπτευον γὰρ ἤδη ἐπὶ Ἀρταξέρξην τὸν στόλον εἶναι. πρῶτος δὲ Κλέαρχος τοὺς αὑτοῦ στρατιώτας ἐκέλευε πορεύεσθαι· οἱ δὲ αὐτόν τε ἔβαλλον καὶ τὰ ὑποζύγια τὰ ἐκείνου. ὕστερον δὲ συνήγαγε τοὺς στρατιώτας, καὶ πρῶτον μὲν ἐδάκρυεν· οἱ δὲ ἐθαύμαζον· εἶτα δὲ ἔλεξε τάδε.
Cyrus and his army remained there twenty days. For the soldiers no longer wished to proceed; they already suspected that the expedition was against Artaxerxes. At first Clearchus ordered his own soldiers to proceed, but they were throwing stones at both him and his baggage animals. Afterwards, he brought the soldiers together, and at first he wept -- and they wondered. And then he said these things:
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XXVIII
276. |
1. ἐνικᾶτε τοὺς μετὰ Κύρου φύλακας.
2. νικώμεθα ὑπὸ τῶν Κιλίκων.
3. ὁ δὲ Ξενοφῶν αὐτὸν ἠρώτα, “Τί βοᾷς;”
4. Κῦρος δὲ ὡρμᾶτο ἀπὸ τῆς κώμης τῆς νυκτὸς μετὰ Ξενοφῶντος.
5. οἱ ἀμφὶ Κῦρον λέγουσιν ὅτι τὰ πάντα νικῶσι.
6. Κῦρος Κλέαρχον πολλάκις ἐτετιμήκει· πάντας γὰρ τοὺς ἀγαθοὺς εἰς πόλεμον ἐτίμα.
7. ἐρωτᾷ εἰ καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις στρατιώταις αἱ σπονδαί εἰσιν.
8. οὗτοι οἱ στρατιῶται ἐνίκων τοὺς θρᾷκας.
9. ἐν τοῖς πέρσαις οἱ γέροντες τιμῶνται.
10. καὶ εὐθὺς τῷ Κλεάρχῳ ἐβόα ἄγειν τὸ στράτευμα κατὰ μέσον τὸ τῶν πολεμίων.
1. You defeated the body guards (who were) with Cyrus.
2. We are conquered by the Cilicians.
3. And Xenophon asked him, “Why do you cry out?”
4. And Cyrus set out from the village at night with Xenophon.
5. Those around Cyrus say that they are completely victorious.
6. Cyrus had often honored Clearchus; for he honored all good men in war.
7. He is asking if the truce is also for the other soldiers.
8. These soldiers were conquering the Thracians.
9. Amongst the Persians, the old men were esteemed.
10. And immediately he shouted to Clearchus to lead the army down the middle of the enemy.
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| 277. |
1. He conquers the enemy.
2. And he honored the general with other gifts.
3. But the soldiers were shouting to the guards to stop.
4. This man asks whether you admire the army.
5. When Cyrus set out, I proceeded at once to Phrygia.
1. τοὺς πολέμιους νικᾷ.
2. ἄλλοις δὲ δώροις τὸν στρατηγὸν ἐτίμησεν.
3. οἱ δὲ στρατιῶται τοῖς φύλαξι ἐβόων παύεσθαι.
4. οὗτος ἐρωτᾷ εἰ τὸ στράτευμα τιμᾶς.
5. ἐπεὶ ὡρμᾶτο ὁ Κῦρος, εὐθὺς ἐπορευόμην εἰς Φρυγίαν.
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| 278. |
“ἄνδρες στρατιῶται, ἐμοὶ ξένος ἐστὶν ὁ Κῦρος καὶ πολλάκις ἤδη τετίμηκε. βούλομαι οὖν συμπορεύεσθαι αὐτῷ. ἐπεὶ δὲ ὑμεῖς ἐμοὶ οὐκ ἐθέλετε πείθεσθαι, ἐγὼ σὺν ὑμῖν ἕψομαι· ὑμεῖς γὰρ ἐμοί ἐστε καὶ φίλοι καὶ σύμμαχοι.”
ταῦτα ἔλεξεν. οἱ δὲ στρατιῶται οἵ τε αὐτοῦ ἐκείνου καὶ οἱ ἄλλοι ἐπαινοῦσι· παρὰ δὲ τῶν ἄλλων στρατηγῶν δισχίλιοι ἔχοντες τὰ ὅπλα καὶ τὰ σκευοφόρα στρατοπεδεύονται παρὰ Κλέαρχον.
“Fellow soldiers, Cyrus is a guest friend to me and many times now has honored (me). I wish therefore to accompany him. And since you are not willing to obey me, I shall follow with you. For you are to me both friends and allies.”
Those are the things he said. And the soldiers, those of his and the others, commend him. And from the other generals, two thousand having arms and baggage encamp beside Clearchus.
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XXIX
283. |
1. ὁ δὲ ποταμὸς καλεῖται Μαίανδρος.
2. ὁ δὲ ἄρχων ἐπολέμει ἄδικον πόλεμον.
3. τοὺς Κύρου φίλους κακῶς ποιεῖτε.
4. τούτους γὰρ τοὺς ἄρχοντας οἱ στρατιῶται μᾶλλον ἐφίλουν ἢ τοὺς ἄλλους.
5. ὑπὸ Κύρου Πρόξενος οὐκ ἠδικεῖτο.
6. κακῶς ἐποίεις τὴν τοῦ σατράπου χώραν.
7. φόβον ποιοῦσι τοῖς ἵπποις τῇ κραυγῇ.
8. πάλιν δὲ ὁ Κῦρος ἠρώτα, “Ἠδίκουν τὸν ἄνθρωπον;”
9. δηλοῖ δὲ ὅτι ἄπορόν ἐστιν ἄγειν τὸ στράτευμα εἰς τὴν Ἑλλάδα.
10. ὑπὲρ τῆς Ἑλλάδος ἐπολέμουν μετὰ τῶν ἄλλων· ἐπεὶ δὲ Κῦρος ἐκάλει, ἐπορευόμην πρὸς αὐτόν.
1. The river is called Maeander.
2. But the commander was fighting an unjust war.
3. He treated the friends of Cyrus badly.
4. For the soldiers loved these leaders more than the others.
5. Proxenus was not wronged by Cyrus.
6. You were ravaging the country of the satrap.
7. They are scaring the horses with their shouting.
8. And Cyrus asked again, “Were they mistreating the man?”
9. And he shows that it is useless to bring the army into Greece.
10. They were fighting with the others on behalf of Greece; and when Cyrus called, I proceeded to go to him.
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| 284. |
1. Are the other soldiers doing this?
2. The barbarians are wronged by the guards.
3. You love these more than (you love) the others.
4. The Thracians are wronging the allies.
5. They ask whether you were calling the bowmen.
1. ποιοῦσι οἱ ἄλλοι στρατιῶται;
2. οἱ βάρβαροι ἀδικοῦνται ὑπὸ τῶν φυλάκων.
3. τούτους μᾶλλον φιλεῖς ἢ τοὺς ἄλλους.
4. οἱ Θρᾷκες ἀδικοῦσι τοὺς συμμάχους.
5. ἐρωτῶσι εἰ τοὺς τοξότας ἐκαλεῖτε.
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| 285. |
Κῦρος δὲ μετεπέμπετο τὸν Κλέαρχον· ὁ δὲ ἰέναι μὲν οὐκ ἤθελε, λάθρᾳ δὲ τῶν στρατιωτῶν πέμπων αὐτῷ ἄγελλον ἔλεγε θαρρεῖν.
μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα συνήγαγε τοὺς στρατιώτας καὶ δηλοῖ ὅτι ἄπορόν ἐστι πάλιν πορεύεσθαι εἰς τὴν Ἑλλάδα ἄνευ τῶν ἐπιτηδείων· ἡ δ’ ἀγορὰ ἦν ἐν τῷ βαρβαρικῷ στρατεύματι. οἱ δ’ ἐρωτῶσι Κῦρον εἰ ἡ ὁδός μακρά ἐστιν· ὁ δ’ ἀποκρίνεται ὅτι Ἀβροκόμας ἐχθρὸς ἀνὴρ ἐπὶ τῷ Εὐφράτῃ ποταμῷ ἐστι· πρὸς τοῦτον οὖν βούλεται πορεύεσθαι.
And Cyrus kept sending for Clearchus; but he did not wish to go and, sending a messenger to Cyrus (unbeknownst to the soldiers), said to take heart.
And after this, he collected his soldiers and made it clear that it is useless to set out again toward Greece without provisions; and (that) the marketplace was in the barbarian army. And they asked Cyrus if the road is long; and he answers that Abrocomas, a foe of his, is at the Euphrates river; against him, therefore, he wishes to march.
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XXX
293. |
1. εὖνοι δὲ Κύρῷ οἱ ἄρχοντές εἰσιν.
2. φίλοις εὔνοις Κῦρος πιστὸς ἦν.
3. ἁπλοῦς ἦν ὁ τοῦ φύλακος λόγος.
4. τὰ δὲ δῶρα ἦσαν στρεπτοὶ χρυσοῖ.
5. Κῦρος ὁπλίτῇ ἑκάστῳ πέμψει πέντε μνᾶς.
6. τί ἐν νῷ
ἔχετε;
7. τότε ἐν τῇ γῇ πρῶτοι ἦσαν οὗτοι καὶ ἐν τῇ
θαλάττῃ.
8. αἱ δὲ πέλται χαλκαῖ ἦσαν.
9. δῶρα δ’ αὐτῷ
ἐπέμψαμεν στρεπτὸν χρυσοῦν καὶ ἀκινάκην ἀργυροῦν.
10. ἐπολέμει τοῖς Θρᾳξὶ καὶ κατὰ γῆν καὶ κατὰ θάλατταν.
1. The leaders were well-disposed toward Cyrus.
2. Cyrus was loyal to well-disposed friends.
3. The word of the guard was sincere.
4. And the gifts were gold necklaces.
5. Cyrus sends each hoplite five minas.
6. What do you have in mind?
7. At that time these were first in the land and on the sea.
8. And the shields were bronze.
9. And we sent gifts to him, a gold necklace and a silver short sword.
10. He made war with the Thracians, on both land and sea.
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| 294. |
1. Each of the heralds has five minas.
2. Cyrus sent the old man a gold collar.
3. What does the commander intend?
4. For Cyrus had a short sword of gold.
5. The other generals are well-disposed to Xenophon.
1. εἰσιν κήρυκι ἑκάστῳ πέντε μναῖ.
2. ὁ Κῦρος τῷ γέροντι ἔπεμψε στρεπτὸν χρυσοῦν.
3. τί ἐν νῷ ὁ ἄκρων ἔχει;
4. τῷ γὰρ Κύρῳ ἀκινάκης χρυσοῦν ἤν.
5. εὖνοι δὲ τῷ Χενοφῶντι οἱ ἄλλοι στρατηγοί εἰσιν.
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| 285. |
τοῖς δὲ στρατιώταις ὑποψία μέν ἐστιν ὅτι ἄγει πρὸς Ἀρταξέρξην, ὅμως δὲ ἕπονται. προσαιτοῦσι δὲ μισθόν. ὁ δὲ Κῦρος ὑπισχνεῖται ἑκάστῳ στρατιώτῃ ἀντὶ δαρεικοῦ τρία ἡμιδαρεικά· ὅτι δὲ ἐπὶ τὸν ἀδελφὸν ἐν νῷ ἔχει πορεύεσθαι ἐνταῦθα ἀκούει οὐδεὶς ἔν γε τῷ φανερῷ.
ἐν δὲ Ταρσοῖς Συέννεσις μὲν ἔδωκε Κύρῳ χρήματα εἰς τὴν στρατιάν, Κῦρος δὲ ἐκείνῳ ἵππον καὶ στρεπτὸν χρυσοῦν καὶ ψέλια καὶ ἀκινάκην χρυσοῦν.
But the soldiers are apprehensive that he is marching against Artaxerxes; nevertheless, they follow. They asked for additional pay. And he promises to each soldier instead of a daric three half-darics. But no one there hears that he intends to march on his brother, at least publicly.
And in Tarsus, Syennesis gave Cyrus money for the army, and Cyrus gave him a horse, a golden collar, a bracelet, and a gold short-sword.
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XXXI
309. |
1. Κῦρος τοῖς ἵπποις καλῶς ἐχρήσατο.
2. εἰ ταῦτα ἔπραξαν, καλῶς ἔσχεν.
3. εἰ ταῦτα ἔπραξαν, καλῶς ἂν ἔσχεν.
4. Ξενοφῶν ἐβούλετο μετὰ τῶν ἄλλων πορεύεσθαι.
5. τῷ στρατεύματι ἥγηται εἰς τὸ πεδίον.
6. ἐβουλήθη πέμπειν ἀπὸ τοῦ στόματος ὁπλίτας.
7. τὸν δὲ στρατηγὸν ἐπειρᾶτο πείθειν.
8. εἰ μὴ βούλεται Κλέαρχος αὐτοὺς ἀπάγειν, ἄλλοι στρατηγοὶ ἡγήσονται.
9. ἐπορεύετο ἄν ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους, εὶ στράτευμα εἶχεν.
10. ἀλλ’ εἰ βούλονται σὺν τοῖς ἄλλοις πορεύεσθαι εἰς τὴν Ἑλλάδα, ἥκειν κελεύει αὐτοὺς τῆς νυκτός.
1. Cyrus made fine use of the horses.
2. If they did these things, it was well.
3. If they had done these things, it would have been well.
4. Xenophone wanted to go with the others.
5. He has led the way onto the plain for the army.
6. He wanted to send hoplites from the front ranks.
7. He tried to persuade the general.
8. If Clearchus does not want to lead them back, the other generals will lead them.
9. He would march against the enemy, if he had an army. 10. But if they want to go with the others into Greece, he orders them to come by night.
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| 310. |
1. If he has the money, he will send (it) to the army.
2. He attempted to cut the enemy’s army to pieces in the night.
3. If this is so, I will lead the troops at once to the stronghold.
4. He would not have done this, if I had not bidden him.
5. He wished to dismiss all the guards.
1. εἰ τὰ χρήματα ἔχει, τῷ στρατεύματι πέμψει.
2. ἐπειράθη τὸ τῶν πολεμίων στράτευμα κατακόπτειν τῆς νυκτός.
3. εἰ οὕτως ἐχει, εὐθὺς ἡγήσομαι τοὺς στρατιώτας ἐπὶ τὸ ἰσχυρὸν χωρίον.
4. οὐκ ἂν ἔπραξε τοῦτο, εἰ μὴ ἐκέλευσα.
5. ἐβούλετο ἀποπέμπεσθαι πάντας τοὐς φύλακας.
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| 311. |
ἐντεῦθεν ἐξελαύνει σταθμοὺς πέντε παρασάγγας τριάκοντα εἰς Ἰσσούς. ἐνταῦθα μένουσιν ἡμέρας τρεῖς· καὶ Κύρῳ παρῆσαν αἱ ἐκ Πελοποννήσον νῆες τριάκοντα καὶ πέντε καὶ ἐπ’ αὐταῖς ναύαρχος Πυθαγόρας Λακεδαιμόνιος. αἱ δὲ νῆες ὥρμουν παρὰ τὴν Κύρου σκηνήν. παρῆν δὲ καὶ Χειρίσοφος Λακεδαιμόνιος, μετάπεμπτος ὑπὸ Κύρου, ἑπτακοσίους ἔχων ὁπλίτας· τούτων ἐστρατήγει παρὰ Κύρῳ.
From there he marches five days’ journey, thirty parasangs, to Issus. There he remains three days; and Cyrus had at hand thirty five ships from the Peloponnesus and on them the sea captain Pythagoras the Spartan. And the ships were anchored near Cyrus’ tent. There was also Chirisophus the Spartan, sent for by Cyrus, having seven hundred hoplites; of which he commanded alongside Cyrus.
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XXXII
319. |
1. ἢν παρέχωμεν ἀγοράν, ἕχετε τὰ ἐπιτήδεια.
2. ἐὰν μὴ ταῦτα ποιήσῃ, ἀδικήσει.
3. ἢν δὲ ἀποχωρήσωσι, Κῦρος αὐτοὺς οὐ τιμήσει.
4. ἐὰν φίλον ποιήσῃς τοῦτον, ὠφελήσει.
5. ἐὰν νικήσωμεν, τὴν χώραν οὐ διαρπάσει.
6. ἐὰν οὖν πέμψητε τοῦτον πρὸς Κῦρον, πλοῖα ἕξετε.
7. ἐὰν δὲ μὴ πλοῖα ἄγῃ ἱκανά, τοῖς ἄλλοις χρησόμεθα.
8. ἐὰν δὲ οἱ Κίλικες πράγματα παρέχωσι, Κῦρος πορεύσεται ἐπ’ αὐτούς.
9. ἐὰν νικήσω, βασιλεύσω ἀντὶ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ.
10. ἐὰν τὸ ἐμπόριον πολιορκήσῃς, ἀποχωρήσουσιν οἱ Κίλικες.
1. If we furnish a marketplace, you will have provisions.
2. It will be wrong if you do not do these things.
3. But if they retreat, Cyrus will not esteem them.
4. If you make him a friend, he would be useful.
5. If we are victorious, he will not plunder the country.
6. Therefore, if you will send him to Cyrus, you will have ships.
7. But if he does not bring suitable ships, we will use the others.
8. And if the Cilicians cause trouble, Cyrus will march against them.
9. If I win, I will rule instead of my brother.
10. If you beseige the emporium, the Cilicians will retreat.
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| 320. |
1. The messenger shall have ten minas, if he does this.
2. If he does not collect an army, his brother will be king.
3. If we proceed to this height, those above the road will withdraw.
4. If he does not collect hoplites, he will not defeat his brother.
5. If we have troops and boats, we will besiege the emporium by land and sea.
1. ὁ ἄγγελος ἕξει δέκα μνᾶς, ἐὰν πράξῃ τοῦτο.
2. ἐὰν μὴ ἀθροίσῃ στράτευμα, ὁ ἀδελφός βασιλεύσει.
3. ἐὰν πορευώμεθα πρὸς τοῦτο τὸ ἄκρον, οἱ ὑπὲρ τῆς ὁδοῦ ἀποχωρήσουσιν.
4. ἐὰν μὴ ἀθροίσῃ ὁπλίτας, οὐ νικήσει τὸν ἀδελπόν.
5. ἐὰν στρατιώτας ἔχωμεν καὶ πλοῖα, τὸ ἐμπόριον πολιορκήσομεν κατὰ γῆν καὶ κατὰ θάλατταν.
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| 321. |
ἐντεῦθεν ἐξελαύνει ἐπὶ πύλας τῆς Κιλικίας καὶ τῆς Συρίας. ἦσαν δὲ αὗται δύο τείχη, καὶ τὸ μὲν πρὸ τῆς Κιλικίας τεῖχος Συέννεσις εἶχε καὶ Κιλίκων φυλακή, τὸ δὲ πρὸ τῆς Συρίας Ἀρταξέρξου ἐλέγετο φυλακὴ φυλάττειν. διὰ μέσου δὲ τούτων ῥεῖ ποταμός. καὶ ἡ πάροδος ἦν στενὴ καὶ τὰ τείχη εἰς τὴν θάλατταν καθῆκειν. ταύτας τὰς πύλας οὐκ ἐφύλαξεν Ἀβροκόμας, ἀλλ’ ἐπεὶ ἀκούει ὅτι Κῦρος ἐν Κιλικίᾳ ἐστί, παρὰ Ἀρταξέρξην ἀπελαύνει.
From there he marches on to the Gates of Cilicia and Syria. They consisted of two walls, and Synnesis and a Cilician garrison held the one facing the Cilician pass, and Artaxerxes’ garrison was said to guard the one facing Syria. Through the middle of them flows a river. And the passage was narrow and the walls extended down to the sea. Abrokamas did not guard these gates, but when he hears that Cyrus is in Cilicia, he marches away to Artaxerxes.
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XXXIII
328. |
1. μὴ τοῦτον ἐάσωμεν φεύγειν.
2. πάντας ὠφελεῖν πειρᾶται, ἵνα αὐτῷ φίλοι ὦσι.
3. διὰ τοῦ πεδίου ἐλαύνωμεν.
4. Κῦρον αἰτοῦσι πλοῖα, ὡς τοὺς πελταστὰς ἀποπέμψωσι.
5. πολεμήσωμεν οὖν τοῖς βαρβάροις, ἵνα μὴ τοὺς φίλους κακῶς ποιήσωσιν.
6. ἐὰν δὲ ὁ σατράπης ᾖ ἐπὶ τῷ Εὐφράτῃ ποταμῷ, ἀπελῶ.
7. ἢν δὲ φεύγῃ, ἐκεῖ πρὸς ταῦτα βουλευσόμεθα.
8. οὐδ’ ἐὰν ταῦτ’ ἀκούσῃ, συγκαλεῖ τοὺς στρατιώτας.
9. μὴ κωλύωμεν τὸ Κύρου στράτευμα ἀπελαύνειν.
1. Let’s not permit him to flee.
2. He tries to help everyone, that they might be friends to him.
3. Let us march through the plain.
4. They asked Cyrus for boats, so they might send off the targeteers.
5. Let us make war therefore with the barbarians, that they may not harm our friends.
6. If the viceroy is at the Euphrates river, I will ride away.
7. If he should flee, there we shall consider these things.
8. Not even if he should hear these things will he summon his soldiers.
9. Let’s not prevent Cyrus’ army from marching away.
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| 329. |
1. Cyrus, let us honor our guest.
2. Let us besiege the emporium both by land and by sea.
3. And let us send with Xenophon the peltasts from the van.
4. What will the soldiers have, if they conquer?
5. He calls the generals together to persuade them to take the field with him.
1. Ὦ Κῦρε, τὸν ξένον τιμήσωμεν.
2. πολιορκήσωμεν τὸ ἐμπόριον καὶ κατὰ γῆν καὶ κατὰ θάλατταν.
3. Πέμψωμεν δὲ τῷ Ξενοφῶντι τοὺς ἀπὸ τοῦ στόματος πελταστάς.
4. Τὶ ἕξουσιν οἱ στρατιῶται, ἐὰν νικήσωσιν;
5. τοὺς στρατηγοὺς συγκαλεῖ ἵνα πείθῃ αὐτοὺς συστρατεύεσθαι σὺν αὐτῷ.
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|
| 330. |
ἐντεῦθεν ἐξελαύνει διὰ Συρίας εἰς Μυρίανδον· ἐμπόριον δ’ ἐστὶ τὸ χωρίον ἐπὶ τῇ θαλάττῃ, καὶ οἰκεῖται ὑπὸ Φοινίκων. ἐνταῦθα μένουσιν ἡμέρας ἑπτά. καὶ Ξενίας καὶ Πασίων πλοῖον λαβόντες καὶ τὰ χρήματα ἀποπλέουσι, χαλεπαίνοντες ὅτι Κῦρος τὸν Κλέαρχον εἴα τοὺς στρατιώτας αὐτῶν ἔχειν. Κῦρος δὲ συνεκάλεσε τοὺς στρατηγοὺς καὶ ἔλεξε τάδε· “Ἀπολελοίπασιν ἡμᾶς Ξενίας καὶ Πασίων. ἀλλὰ μὰ τοὺς θεοὺς οὐκ αὐτοὺς διώξω, οὐδὲ αὐτοὺς κακῶς ποιήσω.” οἱ δ’ ἄλλοι στρατηγοὶ ἐπεὶ ἤκουσαν τὴν Κὺρου ἀρετήν, ἡδέως συνεπορεύοντο.
From there he marches out through Syria into Myriandus; the place on the sea is an emporium, and is inhabited by Phoenicians. There they remain seven days. Both Xenias and Pasion, having taken a boat and their valuables, sail away, offended that Cyrus allowed Clearchus to have their soldiers. But Cyrus called together the generals and said these things: “Xenias and Pasion have deserted us. But I swear by the gods I will not persue them, neither will I do them harm.” And when the other leaders heard of the goodness of Cyrus, they gladly accompanied him.
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XXXIV
336. |
1. παυσώμεθα, ὦ φίλοι, ταύτης τῆς μάχης. 2. σχολῇ πορεύονται ἵνα μὴ ἡ φάλαγξ διασπασθῇ. 3. Κῦρος τὸν σατράπην φίλον οὐ νομιεῖ, ἐὰν ἐπὶ τὴν ἀρχὴν πορεύηται ἐκεῖνος. 4. βοῶσι πάντες, ἵνα οἱ πολέμιοι ἐξαπατηθῶσι. 5. φοβοῦνται γὰρ μὴ οὐ ὁ σατράπης τοῦ πολέμου παύηται. 6. ἢν δὲ ἡ γέφυρα λυθῇ, οἱ πολέμιοι ἀποχωρήσουσι. 7. ἡ δὲ χώρα πολεμία ἐστίν· ἐπικίνδυνον οὖν ἔσται ἐὰν πορεύησθε δι’ αὐτῆς. 8. δέδοικα μὴ σπάσηται τὸν ἀκινάκην. 9. κίνδυνός ἐστι μὴ τῆς νυκτὸς οἱ πολέμιοι πορεύωνται ἐπ’ αὐτούς.
1.Friends, let us cease from this battle. 2. They proceed slowly in order that the phalanx would not be separated. 3. Cyrus will not consider the viceroy a friend, if he proceeds up to the summit. 4. All will shout, so that the enemy is misled. 5. Because they fear the satrap will not cease from the war. 6. And if the bridge is destroyed, the enemy will withdraw. 7. But the country is hostile; it will be dangerous therefore if you march through it. 8. I feared that he might draw his sword. 9. There is a danger that the enemy might advance up to them in the night.
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| 337. |
1. . I fear that the satrap will be sent. 2. Let us deliberate about this. 3. We will destroy the bridge, that the enemy may not send for the peltasts. 4. I do not fear that this man will be made satrap. 5. There is no danger that Cyrus will wish to pursue these generals.
1. δέδοικα μὴ σατράπης πεμφθῇ. 2. βουλευώμεθα περὶ τοῦτου. 3. τὴν γέφυραν λύσομεν μὴ τοὺς πελταστὰς μεταπέμπωσι οἱ πολεμιοι. 4. οὐ δέδοικα μὴ ὁ ἄνθρωπος οὗτος ποιηθῇ σατράπης. 5. οὐκ κίνδυνός ἐστι μὴ Κῦρος βούληται δίωκειν τούτους τοὺς στρατηγοὺς.
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| 338. |
μετὰ ταῦτα Κῦρος ἐξελαύνει παρασάγγας εἴκοσιν ἐπὶ τὸν Χάλον ποταμόν· ἐνῆσαν δὲ ἐν τῷ ποταμῷ ἰχθύες, οὓς οἱ Σύροι Θεοὺς ἐνόμιζον καὶ ἀδικεῖν οὐκ εἴων. ἐσκήνουν δὲ οἱ στρατιῶται ἐν ταῖς Παρυσάτιδος κώμαις. ἐντεῦθεν ἐξελαύνει ἐπὶ τὰς πηγὰς τοῦ Δάρδατος ποταμοῦ. ἐνταῦθα ἦσαν βασίλεια καὶ παράδεισος καλός. Κῦρος δ’ αὐτὸν ἐκκόπτει καὶ τὰ βασίλεια κατακάει. ἐντεῦθεν ἐξελαύνει σταθμοὺς τρεῖς ἐπὶ τὸν Εὐφράτην ποταμόν.
After this Cyrus marches twenty parasangs to the Chalus River; and there were fish in the river, which the Syrians considered gods and let no one harm. And the soldiers encamped in the villages of Parysatis. Thence he marches on to the sources of the Dardas river. There was a palace here and a beautiful park. But Cyrus cuts down the park and burns the palace. Thence he marches three stages to the Ephrates river.
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XXXV
342. |
1. ἐὰν δὲ τοὺς στρατιώτας ἀδικῇ, οὐκ ἐθελήσομεν ἕπεσθαι. 2. φοβοῦνται μὴ τοὺς Κύρου φίλους πειρᾶσθε κακῶς ποιεῖν. 3. ἐὰν δὲ τούτους νικῶμεν, πάντες ἕψονται. 4. ἐρωτῶμεν τὸν ἄγγελον εἰ τὸ ἀργύριον ἔχει. 5. φοβεῖται μὴ πειρῶνται κατάγειν τοὺς φυγάδας. 6. ἐν τῷ φανερῷ λέξει ἵνα πᾶσι δηλοῖ τί ἐν νῷ ἔχει. 7. ἐὰν τὸ στράτευμα ἀποχωρῇ τῆς νυκτός, ἕψονται οἱ πολέμιοι. 8. ἢν δὲ τοὺς ἄλλους στρατιώτας παρακαλῆτε, πειράσονται πάντες ἀγαθοὶ εἶναι. 9. ἢν δὲ Κῦρος ἐᾷ τὸν Κλέαρχον τοὺς στρατιώτας ἔχειν, οὐκέτι συμπορεύσονται οἱ ἄλλοι στρατηγοί. 10. ἐὰν νῦν τοὺς φίλους παρακαλῶμεν, ἀμαχεὶ τὴν λοιπὴν ὁδὸν πορευσόμεθα.
1.If he wrongs the soldiers, we will not want to follow. 2. They fear you will treat the friends of Cyrus badly. 3. If we defeat them, everyone will follow. 4. Let us ask the messenger if he has the money. 5. He is afraid that they might try to bring back the exiles. 6. He will speak publicly in order to make clear to everyone what he has in mind. 7. If the army withdraws at night, the enemy will follow. 8. If you summon the other soldiers, all will try to be brave. 9. But if Cyrus allows Clearchus to have their soldiers, no longer will the other generals march with him. 10. If we summon our friends now, we will proceed the rest of the journey without fighting.
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| 343. |
1. Let us ask Cyrus what he intends. 2. He fears that the troops will demand their pay. 3. Let us set forth, soldiers, against these Cilicians. 4. With the help of the gods, let us conquer the enemy. 5. We fear that the soldiers may wrong our allies.
1. ἐρωτῶμεν τόν Κῦρον τί ἐν νῷ ἔχει. 2. φοβεῖται μὴ τὸν μισθὸν ἀπαιτῶσι οἱ στρατιῶται. 3. ὁρμώμεθα, ὦ στρατιῶται, ἐπὶ τούτους τοὺς Κίλικας. 4. σὺν τοῖς θεοῖς, νικῶμεν τοὺς πολεμίους. 5. δεδοίκαμεν μὴ ἀδικῶσι τοὺς συμμάχους οἱ στρατιῶται.
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| 344. |
ἐνταῦθα μένουσιν ἡμέρας πέντε, καὶ τοῖς στρατηγοῖς τοῖς Ἑλληνικοῖς Κῦρος λέγει ὅτι ἡ ὁδὸς ἔσται πρὸς τὸν Ἀρταξέρξην εἰς Βαβυλῶνα· καὶ κελεύει αὐτοὺς λέγειν ταῦτα τοῖς στρατιώταις καὶ πείθειν ἕπεσθαι. οἱ δὲ στρατιῶται χαλεπαίνουσι τοῖς στρατηγοῖς, καὶ οὐκ ἐθέλουσιν ἕπεσθαι ἐὰν μὴ Κῦρος αὐτοῖς χρήματα διδῷ ὥσπερ καὶ πρότερον. ταῦτα οἱ στρατηγοὶ Κύρῳ ἔλεγον· ὁ δ’ ὑπισχνεῖται στρατιώτῃ ἑκάστῳ πέντε ἀργυρίου μνᾶς ἐπὴν εἰς Βαβυλῶνα ἥκωσι. τὸ μὲν δὴ Ἑλληνικὸν οὕτως ἐπείσθη.
They remain there five days, and Cyrus says to the Greek generals that the way will be toward Artaxerxes in Babylon. And he orders them to tell this to their soldiers and to persuade them to follow. The soldiers are angry with their generals and do not want to follow unless Cyrus first give money to them just like at first. The generals tell this to Cyrus and he promises to each soldier five minas of silver as soon as they come in Babylon. Thus the Greek army was persuaded.
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XXXVI
350. |
1. ἀγῶνα δὲ ἐποιήσαντο οἱ Ἕλληνες. 2. ταύτῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ μεθ’ ἡγεμόνος ἐπορεύοντο οἴκαδε. 3. λέγει Κῦρος ὅτι ὁ ἀνὴρ ἐτὶ τῷ Εὐφράτῃ ποταμῷ ἐστιν. 4. ἡ δὲ μήτηρ Κῦρον ἀποπέμπει πάλιν ἐτὶ τὴν ἀρχήν. 5. ἀλλὰ καὶ πατέρα Ξενοφῶντα ἐκάλουν. 6. καὶ ἀριθμὸν τῶν Ἑλλήνων ἐποίησεν ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ. 7. ἐψηφίσαντο δὲ οἱ Ἕλληνες πορεύεσθαι μετὰ τοῦ ἀνδρός. 8. καὶ ἔπεμψε Κῦρος πέντε μηνῶν μισθόν. 9. ἐν τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἦσαν ῥήτορες ἀγαθοί.
1. And the Greeks held games. 2. On this day they headed homeward with a guide. 3. Cyrus says that the man is at the Euphrates river. 4. And his mother sends Cyrus back to his province. 5. But they also called Xenophon father. 6. And he made a count of the Greeks in the park. 7. And the Greeks voted to proceed with the man. 8. And Cyrus sent a wage of five minas. 9. There were good orators among the Greeks.
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| 351. |
1. His father summoned Cyrus. 2. They voted to send men with Clearchus. 3. Cyrus was made satrap of Phrygia by his father. 4. Each man shall have five minas of silver. 5. He carried on war with the Greeks.
1. ὁ πατὴρ τὸν Κῦρον μετεπέμψατο. 2. ἐψηφίσαντο πέμψαι ἄνδρας μετὰ τοῦ Κλεάρχου. 3. Κῦρος ἐποιήθη ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρὸς σατράπης τῆς Φρυγίας. 4. ἑκάστῳ τῷ ἀνδρί ἔσονται πέντε ἀργυρίου μναῖ. 5. ἐπολέμει τοῖς Ἕλλησιν.
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| 352. |
Μένων δὲ πρὶν δῆλον εἶναι τί ποιήσουσιν οἱ ἄλλοι Ἕλληνες, πότερον ἕψονται Κύρῳ ἢ οὔ, συνέλεξε τὸ αὑτοῦ στράτευμα καὶ ἔλεξε τάδε· “Ἄνδρες, νῦν δεῖται Κῦρος ἕπεσθαι τοὺς Ἕλληνας ἐπὶ Ἀρταξέρξην. ἐγὼ οὖν κελεύω ὑμᾶς εὐθὺς διαβαίνειν τὸν ποταμόν. ἢ μὲν γὰρ ψηφίσωνται ἕπεσθαι, ὑμᾶς τῶν ἄλλων προτιμήσει στρατιωτῶν Κῦρος· ἢν δὲ ἀποψηφίσωνται οἱ ἄλλοι, πορευσόμεθα ἅπαντες οἴκαδε πάλιν.”
Menon, before it was evident what the other Greeks were going to do, whether they would follow Cyrus or not, gathered his army and said this: “Men, now Cyrus is begging the Greeks to follow (him) against Artaxerxes. I therefore order you to immediately cross the river. For if they vote to follow, Cyrus will honor you more than the other soldiers; but if the other men should vote no, we will all march home again.
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XXXVII
357. |
1. τοῦτο λέγει τις. 2. τίς τοῦτο λέγει; 3. λέγουσι δέ τινες ὅτι Κῦρος ἥσθη. 4. ἦν δέ τις ἐν τῇ στρατιᾷ Μένων Θετταλός. 5. καὶ ἐρωτᾷ τὸν σφενδονήφην πόσον ἀγρύριον ἔχει. 6. ἐὰν νικῶσι, τί δεῖ αὐτοὺς λύειν τὴν γέφυραν; 7. ἐν ποίοις πράγμασιν ἦσαν οἱ Ἕλληνες; 8. ἐρωτᾷ τίνος ἐστὶν ὁ ἵππος. 9. Κῦρος ἔπαισεν ἄνδρα Πέρσην καὶ ἕτερόν τινα τῶν ἡγεμόνων. 10. ἐρωτᾷ τὸν ἄγγελον τίς ἐπαινεῖ τοὺς Μένωνος στρατιώτας.
1. Someone says this. 2. Who says this? 3. And some say that Cyrus was delighted. 4. There was a certain Thessalian, Menon, in the army. 5. And he asks the slinger how much silver he has. 6. If they are victorious, why is it necessary for them to destroy the bridge? 7. The Greeks were in what sort of trouble? 8. He asks whose horse it is. 9. Cyrus struck a Persian man and one of the guides. 10. He asks the messenger who is praising the soldiers of Menon.
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| 358. |
1. Why need the men proceed? 2. What does he say to this? 3. Somebody asks whether you said this. 4. What sort of men ought to take the field? 5. How many slingers have you in the army?
1. τί δεῖ τοὺς ἀνθρώρους πορεύεσθαι; 2. τί λέγει πρὸς τοῦτο; 3. ἐρωτᾷ τις εἰ ἔλεξας τοῦτο. 4. ποίους ἀνθρώπους δεῖ στρατεύεσθαι; 5. πόσους σφενδονήτας ἔχετε ἐν τῷ στρατεύματι;
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| 359. |
οἱ δὲ Μένωνος στρατιῶται ἐπεὶ ταῦτ’ ἤκουσαν, πείθονται καὶ διαβαίνουσι τὸν ποταμὸν πρὶν τοὺς ἄλλους λέγειν τί ποιήσουσι. Κῦρος δὲ ἥσθη τε καὶ τῷ στρατεύματι δι’ ἀγγέλου ἔλεξεν· “Ἐγὼ μέν, ὦ ἄνδρες, ἤδη ὑμᾶς ἐπαινῶ· εὐθὺς δὲ καὶ ὑμεῖς ἐμὲ ἐπαινέσετε, ἢ οὐκέτι ἐγὼ Κῦρός εἰμι.” οἱ μὲν δὴ στρατιῶται ἐν ἐλπίσι καλαῖς ἦσαν, Μένωνι δὲ καὶ δῶρα λέγεται πέμψαι. μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα δείβαινε τὸν ποταμὸν· εἵπετο δὲ καὶ τὸ ἄλλο στράτευμα αὐτῷ ἅπαν.
And when Menon’s soldiers heard these things, they obey and cross the river before the others told what they would do. Cyrus was pleased and said to the army, via a messenger, “I, men, now honor you; and you shall also praise me, or no longer am I Cyrus (or my name isn’t Cyrus).” The soldiers were indeed in good hopes, and, it is also said, to have sent gifts to Menon. After these things he crossed the river; and the rest of the army followed him, to the last man.
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XXXVIII
366. |
1. εἰ ταῦτα ποιήσειεν, ἀποχωρήσαιμεν ἄν. 2. εἰ παρέχοιμεν ἀγοράν, ἔχοιτ’ ἂν καὶ σῖτον καὶ οἶνον. 3. εἰ νικήσαιμεν, οὐκ ἂν τὴν χώραν διαρπάσειεν. 4. ἀξίους ἂν ἔχοι φίλους, εἰ ἔχοιεν τὰ ὅπλα. 5. εἰ ἀπάγοιμι αὐτοὺς πάλιν εἰς τὴν Ἑλλάδα, δικαίως ἂν χάριν ἔχοιεν. 6. εἰ δόξειε τοῖς πεζοῖς ἐπισιτίζεσθαι, τί ἂν ποιήσαιτε; 7. εἰ τὰς πύλας κλείσειαν, πολιορκήσαιτε ἂν αὐτοὺς καὶ κατὰ γῆν καὶ κατὰ θάλατταν. 8. εἰ ὁ ποταμὸς μὴ πεζῇ διαβατὸς εἴη, πλοῖα συνάγοιεν ἄν. 9. εἰ δὲ μισθὸν πέμψειεν αὐτοῖς, συμμάχους ἂν ἔχοι δικαίους καὶ ἀγαθούς.
1. If he should do these things, we would depart. 2. If we were to provide a marketplace, you would have both food and wine. 3. If we should win, he would not plunder the country. 4. He would have valuable friends, if they should have weapons. 5. If I should lead them back again into Greece, they rightly would be grateful. 6. If it should seem best for the infantry to procure supplies, what would you do? 7. If they should shut the gates, you would besiege them by land and by sea. 8. If the river should prove to be unfordable by foot, they would collect boats. 9. If he would send wages to them, then he would have just and brave allies.
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| 367. |
1. If you should do this, we should justly feel grateful. 2. If they should plot evil against him, he would do them harm. 3. It would be well, if the general should call the men together. 4. If we should besiege the fort, the enemy would withdraw. 5. If they should resolve to proceed, Cyrus would send them a leader.
1. εἰ τοῦτο ποιήσειας, δικαίως ἂν χάριν ἔχοιμεν. 2. εἰ τὸν κακὸν ἐπιβουλεύοιεν αὐτῷ, κακῶς ἂν αὐτούς ποιοῖ. 3. καλῶς ἂν εἴη, εἰ ὁ στρατηγὸς τοὺς στρατιώτας συγκαλέσειεν. 4. εἰ πολιορκήσαιμεν τὸ χώριον, οἱ πολέμιοι ἂν ἀποχωρήσειαν. 5. εἰ δόξειε πορεύεσθαι αὐτοῖς, ὁ Κῦρος ἂν ἠγεμόνα πέμψειεν.
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| 368. |
διέβαινον δὲ τὸν ποταμὸν πεζῇ· πλοῖα γὰρ οὐκ εἶχον. οῦπώποτε δὲ οὗτος ὁ ποταμὸς διαβατὸς ἦν πεζῇ εἰ μὴ τότε, ἀλλὰ πλοίοις. ἐδόκει δὴ τοῖς στρατηγοῖς καὶ τοῖς στρατιώταις πᾶσι θεῖον εἶναι.
ἐντεῦθεν ἐξελαύνει διὰ τῆς Συρίας σταθμοὺς ἐννέα παρασάγγας πεντήκοντα· καὶ ἀφικνοῦνται πρὸς τὸν Ἀράξην ποταμόν. ἐνταῦθα ἦσαν κῶμαι μεσταὶ σίτου καὶ οἴνου. ἐνταῦθα ἔμενον ἡμέρας τρεῖς καὶ ἐπεσιτίζοντο.
They were crossing the river on foot, for they did not have boats. This river had never been fordable on foot up to that time, except with boats. Indeed it seemed to all the generals and soldiers to be divine intervention.
From there he marches through Syria nine days’ march, fifty parasangs; and they arrive at the Araxes river. There were villages there stored with grain and wine. They remained there three days and procured supplies.
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XXXIX
375. |
1. ὁ ἄρχων τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἡγεμόνα ἔπεμψεν, ἵνα διὰ τῆς πολεμίας χώρας ἄγοι αὐτούς. 2. τοῦτον τὸν ἄνδρα ὠφέλει, ἵνα φίλον ἔχοι. 3. τίς ἐπιμελεῖται ὅπως οἱ στρατιῶται τὸν μισθὸν λήψονται; 4. τῶν δὲ βαρβάρων ἐπεμελεῖτο, ὅπως πολεμεῖν τε ἱκανοὶ εἴησαν καὶ εὖνοι αὐτῷ. 5. ἐζήτουν τοὺς ἄρχοντας, ἵνα αὐτοῖς συμβουλεύοιεν. 6. τῷ Κλεάρχῳ ἐπεβούλευε Μένων, ἵνα φίλος εἴη τῷ στρατεύματι. 7. ἄξιοι ἂν εἶτε τιμῆς φίλοι, εἰ ποριζοιτε τῷ στρατεύματι ὅπλα. 8. ἐπιμελήσεται ὁ Κῦρος ὅπως οἱ στρατιῶται χάριν ἕξουσιν αὐτῷ. 9. καὶ σὺν αὐτοῖς μὲν εἴην ἂν τίμιος, αὐτῶν δὲ εἰ ἔρημος εἴην, οὐκ ἂν ἱκανὸς εἴην τοὺς φίλους ὠφελεῖν.
1.The chief sent a guide to the Greeks in order that he might lead them through the hostile country. 2. He helped this man, so that he might have (him as) a friend. 3. Who is seeing to it that the soldiers will receive their wages? 4. He was taking care of the barbarians, in order that they would be both capable to make war and be well-disposed to him. 5. They sought the leaders, in order to plan with them. 6. Menon was plotting against Clearchus, so that he might be a friend to the viceroy. 7. You would be friends worthy of honor, if you would provide arms to the army. 8. Cyrus will see to it that the soldiers will be grateful to him. 9. And with them I would be honored, and if deprived of them, I would not be able to aid my friends.
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| 376. |
1. If you should send a guide, we would be grateful. 2. This he did that the rest of the Greeks might withdraw. 3. He took care that he should have good friends. 4. I did this in order that the enemy might not hear. 5. Let us plan to get provisions.
1. εἰ ἡγεμόνα πέμψειας, χάριν ἂν ἔχοιμεν. 2. τοῦτο ἐποίησεν ἵνα οἱ ἀλλοὶ Ἕλληνες ἀποχωρήσειαν. 3. ἐπεμελεῖτο ὅπως ἀγαθοὺς φίλους ἔξει. 4. ἐποίησα τοῦτο ὡς ἀκούοιεν οἱ πολέμιοι. 5. Βουλευώμεθα ὅπως ἐπισιτιούμεθα.
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| 377. |
ἐντεῦθεν ἐξελαύνει διὰ τῆς Ἀραβίας, τὸν Εὐφράτην ποταμὸν ἐν δεξιᾷ ἔχων, σταθμοὺς ἐρήμους πέντε παρασάγγας τριάκοντα καὶ πέντε. ἐν τούτῳ δὲ τῷ τόπῳ ἦν ἡ γῆ πεδίον ἅπαν ὁμαλὸν ὥσπερ θάλαττα. θηρία δὲ παντοῖα ἐνῆν, ὄνοι ἄγριοι καὶ στρουθοὶ αἱ Ἀράβιαι· ἐνῆσαν δὲ καὶ ὠτίδες καὶ δορκάδες. ταῦτα δὲ τὰ θηρία οἱ στρατιῶται ἐνίοτε ἐδίωκον ἀπὸ ἵππων· καὶ τοὺς ὄνους χαλεπὸν ἦν λαμβάνειν· θᾶττον γὰρ τῶν ἵππον ἔτρεχον.
From there he marches through Ariabia, having the Euphrates river on his right, five desolate stopping places, 35 parasangs. In this place the entire plain was smooth as a sea. There were all sorts of wild animals present, wild asses and ostriches (Arabian sparrows); There were even bustards and gazelles. And the soldiers sometimes chased these creatures on horseback, and it was difficult to catch the asses because they ran faster than the horses.
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XL
383. |
1. ἔδεισε μὴ οἱ ἐχθροὶ τιμηθεῖεν. 2. εἰ οἱ Ἕλληνες πλησιάζοιεν, φοβηθεῖεν ἂν οἱ πολέμιοι. 3. Ξενοφῶντα ἄρχοντα ἐποιησάμεθα ἴνα σωθεῖμεν. 4. εὐνοϊκῶς ἂν ἔχοι τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ὁ Κῦρος, εἰ ψηφίσαιντο συμπορεύεσθαι. 5. εἰ ὅπλα μὴ ἔχοιμεν, καὶ τῶν σωμάτων στερηθεῖμεν ἂν. 6. εἰ δὲ πειζοίμεθα ὑπὸ τῶν πολεμίων, πορευοίμεθα ἂν κύκλῳ. 7. οἱ δὲ στρατιῶται ἔδεισαν μὴ καταλειφθείησαν. 8. εἰ νικήσαιμεν, καὶ σῳζοίμεθα ἂν καὶ τὰ ἐπιτήδεια ἂν ἔχοιμεν. 9. ἀλλ’ ὅμως ὁ στρατηγὸς ἐφοβήθη μὴ κυκλωθείη ἑκατέρωθεν. 10. παρεκάλουν τοὺς ἄνδρας εἴσω ὅπως αὐτοῖς συμβουλευοίμην τί δίκαιόν ἐστι καὶ πρὸς θεῶν καὶ πρὸς ἀνθρώπων.
1. He feared that his foes would be esteemed. 2. If the Greeks should approach, the enemy would be frightened. 3. We made Xenophon leader so that we might be saved. 4. Cyrus would be well-disposed to the Greeks, if they should decide to march with him. 5. If we did not have weapons, then we would also be robbed of our lives. 6. If we should be hard pressed by the enemy, we would march in a curve. 7. The soldiers feared they would be abandoned. 8. If we should be victorious, we would both be saved and have provisions. 9. But the general still feared that he would be hemmed in on both sides. 10. I called the men inside that I might plan with them what is just before both gods and men.
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| 384. |
1. I feared that the bridge would be destroyed. 2. There was danger that the barbarians might try to withdraw during the night. 3. He was afraid that the enemy would not cease from war. 4. I would not take part in the expedition, unless Xenophon were present.
1. ἔδεισα μὴ ἡ γέφυρα λυθείη. 2. κίνδυνός ἦν μὴ οἱ βάρβαροι τῆς νυκτὸς πειρηθεῖεν ἀροχωρῆσαι. 3. ἐδεισε μὴ οἱ ἐχθροὶ παύσαιντο τοῦ πολέμου. 4. οὐ στρατευοίμην ἂν, εἰ μὴ Ξενοφων παρείη.
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| 385. |
οἱ γὰρ ὄνοι, ἐπεὶ οἱ στρατιῶται ἐδίωκον, προέτρεχον· καὶ πάλιν, ἐπεὶ ἐπλησίαζον οἱ ἵπποι, ταὐτὸ ἐποίουν, καὶ οὐκ ἦν λαμβάνειν εἰ μὴ οἱ στρατιῶται διετάττοντο. στρουθὸν δὲ οὐδεὶς ἔλαβεν. ταῖς γὰρ πτέρυξιν ὥσπερ ἱστίῳ ἐχρῆτο, καὶ οἱ διώκοντες ταχὺ ἐπαὺοντο. τὰς δὲ ὠτίδας, εἴ τις ταχὺ διώκει, ἔστι λαμβάνειν· πέτονται γὰρ βραχὺ καὶ ταχὺ ἀπαγορεύουσι.
For the asses, whenever the soldiers chased them, kept running ahead; and again, whenever the horses drew near, they kept doing same thing, and it was not possible to catch them unless the soldiers posted themselves at intervals. But no one caught ostriches. For they used their wings as a sail, and those pursuing quickly give up. But it is possible to catch the bustards, if one pursues quickly; for they fly a short distance and give up quickly.
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XLI
390. |
1. πῶς ἂν τὴν μάχην ποιοίμην; 2. εἰ ἀκούσαιμι τὸ τούτου τοῦ κακοῦ ἀνθρώπου ὄνομα, τιμωρησαίμην ἄν. 3. κίνδυνος ἦν μὴ ὁ σατράπης λυποίη τοὺς Ἕλληνας. 4. εἰ οἱ Ἕλληνες νικῷεν τοὺς βαρβάρους, καλῶς ἂν ἔχοι. 5. οὐκ ἂν οὖν θαυμάζοιμι εἰ οἱ πολέμιοι πειρῷντο αὐτοῖς ἕπεσθαι. 6. πάντες ἐφοβοῦντο μὴ ὁ Κλέαρχος τιμωροῖτο τοὺς στρατιώτας. 7. εἰ ὅπλα ἔχοιμεν, καὶ τῇ ἀρετῇ ἂν χρῷμεθα. 8. ἐφοβοῦντο μὴ οὐκέτι τῷ στρατεύματι ἡγοῖτο. 9. εἰ δὲ ἡττῷντο οἱ φύλακες, οὐκ ἂν σωθεῖεν. 10. τούτους τοὺς μισθοφόρους τάχ’ ἂν μισθοῖτο, εἰ πορεύοιντο εἰς τὴν ἀρχήν.
1.How should I conduct this battle? 2. If I should hear the name of this evil man, I would take vengeance (on him). 3. There was a danger that the satrap would molest the Greeks. 4. If the Greeks should defeat the barbarians, it would be well. 5. I would not wonder, therefore, if the enemy should try to follow them. 6. They were all fearing that Clearchus would punish the soldiers. 7. If we should have weapons, we should also use (them) with courage. 8. They feared that he would no longer guide the troops. 9. And if the guards should be worsted, they would not be saved. 10. He might hire these mercenaries, if they would march to the province.
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| 391. |
1. I feared that they would withdraw to the boats. 2. If we should ravage their land, the enemy would be frightened. 3. If they should be defeated, they would withdraw. 4. But when Cyrus called, I proceeded, that I might be of service to him. 5. The Greeks would march away to Phrygia, unless somebody should molest them.
1. ἔδεισα μὴ πρὸς τὰ πλοιᾶ ἀποχωρήσειαν. 2. εἰ διαρπάσαιμεν τὴν χώραν, φοβοῖντ’ ἂν οἱ πολέμιοι. 3. εἰ ἡττηθεῖεν, ἀποχωροῖεν ἂν. 4. ἐπεὶ δ’ ἐκάλει ὁ Κῦρος, ἐπορεύθην ἵνα ὠφελοίην αὐτόν. 5. ἀπελαύνοιεν ἂν οἱ Ἕλληνες πρὸς τὴν Φρυγίαν, εἰ μὴ τις λυποίη.
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| 392. |
πορευόμενοι δὲ διὰ ταύτης τῆς χώρας ἀφικνοῦνται ἐπὶ τὸν Μάσκαν ποταμόν. ἐνταῦθα ἦν πόλις ἐρήμη, ὄνομα δ’ αὐτῇ Κορσωτή· περὶ δ’ αὐτὴν ῥεῖ ὁ ποταμὸς κύκλῳ. ἐνταῦθα ἐπεσιτίσαντο. ἐντεῦθεν ἐξελαύνει σταθμοὺς ἐρήμους τρεισκαίδεκα παρασάγγας ἐνενήκοντα, τὸν Εὐφράτην ποταμὸν ἐν δεξιᾷ ἔχων, καὶ ἀφικνεῖται ἐπὶ Πύλας. ἐν τούτοις τοῖς σταθμοῖς πολλὰ τῶν ὑποζυγίων ἀπώλετο ὑπὸ λιμοῦ. οῦ γὰρ ἦν χόρτος οὐδὲ δένδρον, ἀλλὰ ψιλὴ ἦν ἅπασα ἡ χώρα.
Marching through this country, they arrive at the Mascas river. Here there was a deserted city, and (the) name for it (is) Corsote; and around it the river flows in a circle. There they gathered provisions. Thence he marches thirteen desolate stages, ninety parasangs, holding the Euphrates river on his right, and arrives at The Gates. During these marches, many of the baggage animals perished from hunger. For there was neither grass nor tree, but the country was entirely bare.
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LXII
397. |
1. εἶχε δὲ καὶ τριήρεις ὁ Κῦρος. 2. τούτου τοῦ ποταμοῦ τὸ εὖρός ἐστι πέντε πλέθρα. 3. καὶ ἐκέλευε Κλέαρχον τοῦ δεξιοῦ κέρως ἡγεῖσθαι. 4. τὸ δὲ Μὲνωνος στράτευμα ἤδη ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ ἦν εἴσω τῶν ὀρέων. 5. ὡπλισμένοι ἦσαν θώραξι καὶ κράνεσι πάντες. 6. ἐντεῦθεν ἐπορεύθησαν πρὸς τεῖχος ἔρημον. 7. Ξενοφῶν τὴν ἐπιστολὴν ἔπεμψε Σωκράτει. 8. τοὺς στρατιώτας ὁ μὲν σῖτος ἐπέλειπε, κρέα δ’ ἔτι εἶχον. 9. ἦν δὲ ταῦτα τείχη, καὶ τὸ μὲν εἶχε Κιλίκων φυλακή, τὸ δὲ Ἀρταξέρξου ἐλέγετο φυλακὴ φυλάττειν. 10. ἐπεὶ δὲ ἦσαν ἐπὶ ταῖς θύρας ταῖς Τισσαφέρνους, οἱ στρατηγοὶ παρεκλήθησαν εἴσω.
1.Cyrus also had triremes. 2. The breadth of this river is five plethra. 3. And he ordered Clearchus to command the right wing. 4. Menon’s army was already in the country within the mountains. 5. All have been equipped equipped with breastplates and helmets. 6. Thence they proceeded to a deserted fort. 7. Xenophon sent the letter to Socrates. 8. The soldiers were lacking grain, but still had meat. 9. These were forts, and the one held a Cilician garrison, the other, it was said, a garrison of Artaxerxes to defend it. 10. And when they were at the gates of Tissaphernes, the generals were invited inside.
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| 398. |
1. But Menon had the left wing. 2. And Xenophon consults with Socrates. 3. The generals proceeded through the mountains. 4. They all had helmets of bronze. 5. Thence he sent the messenger upon the mountains.
1. ἀλλὰ τὸ εὐώνυμον ἢν τῷ Μέηωνι. 2. καὶ Ξενοφῶν Σωκράτει συμβουλεύεται. 3. οἱ στρατηγοὶ διὰ τῶν ὀρέων ἐπορεύοντο.
4. ἦσαν κράνη χαλκᾶ τοῖς πάσι.
5. ἐντεῦθεν ἔπεμψε τὸν ἄγγελον ἐπὶ τὰ ὄρη.
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| 399. |
οἱ δ’ ἐν τούτῳ τῷ τόπῳ ἄνθρωποι ὄνους ἀλέτας παρὰ τὸν ποταμὸν ὀρύττοντες καὶ ποιοῦντες εἰς Βαβυλῶνα ἦγον καὶ ἐπώλουν καὶ ἀνταγοράζοντες σῖτον ἔζων. τὸ δὲ στράτευμα ὁ σῖτος ἐπέλειπε, καὶ ἀγοράζεσθαι οὐκ ἦν εἰ μὴ ἐν τῇ Λυδίᾳ ἀγορᾷ ἐν τῷ Κύρου βαρβαρικῷ. καὶ τίμιος ἦν ὁ σῖτος· κρέα οὖν ἐσθίουσιν οἱ στρατιῶται. τούτων πολλοὺς δὲ τῶν σταθμῶν πάνυ μακροὺς ἤλαυνε Κῦρος· πολλάκις γὰρ ἔδει μακρὰν πορεύεσθαι πρὸς χόρτον.
The men in this place (were) living by digging up and fashioning (them) upper millstones near the river, taking (them) to Babylon and selling (them) and buying grain. The army was lacking grain, and it was not possible to buy except in the Lydian market within Cyrus’ Persian force. And grain was expensive; therefore the soldiers eat meat. Cyrus was making many of these stages very long; for it was often necessary to go a long way for grass.
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XLIII
410. |
1. μὴ ἄγε, ὦ Κλέαρχε, τὸ στράτευμα ἐπὶ τὰ ὄρη. 2. μὴ ποιήσῃς ταῦτα, ὦ Σῶκρατες. 3. Κύρῳ μᾶλλον φίλοι ἔστε ἢ τῷ ἀδελφῷ. 4. μὴ δίδασκε τὸν παῖδα ἀδικεῖν. 5. μὴ ὁρμήσητε ἀνὰ κράτος κατὰ τοῦ γηλόφου. 6. ἅμα τῇ ἡμέρᾳ δύο ἀγγέλους πεμψάντων πρὸς τὸ τεῖχος. 7. σπεύσατε, ὦ Πέρσαι, καὶ κομίσατε τὰς ἁμάξας ἐκ τοῦ πηλοῦ. 8. μέρος τι τοῦ βαρβαρικοῦ στρατεύματος πέμψατε ἐπὶ τὴν γέφυραν. 9. παρακάλεσον ὥσπερ ὀργῇ τοὺς Πέρσας εἴσω. 10. καὶ εἰς τὸ μέσον τοὺς ἄρχοντας ἄγετε· παρέστω δὲ ὁ κῆρυξ.
1.Clearchus, do not lead the army to the mountains. 2. Do not do these things, Socrates. 3. Be friends to Cyrus rather than to his brother. 4. Do not teach the child to be unjust. 5. Do not hurry at full speed down the hill. 6. At daybreak, let the send two messengers to the fort. 7. Hasten, O Persians, and carry the wagons out of the mud. 8. Send a part of the barbarian army to the bridge. 9. Summon the Persians inside as if in anger. 10. And bring the leaders to the middle; and let the herald be present.
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| 411. |
1. Send the messengers to the hill. 2. Be loyal to the Greeks. 3. Do not destroy the bridges. 4. Be friends and allies, soldiers, to Cyrus. 5. Fellow soldiers, do not wonder that I am grieved.
1. πέμψον ἀγγέλους ἐπὶ τοῦ γηλόφου. 2. εὔνους ἴσθι τοῖς Ἕλλησιν. 3. μὴ λύσητε τὰς γεφύρας. 4. τῷ Κύρῳ, ὦ στρατιῶται, ἔστε φίλοι καὶ σύμμαχοι. 5. ἄνδρες στρατιῶται, μὴ θαυμάζετε ὅτι λυποῦμαι.
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| 412. |
καὶ δή ποτε ἐν στενῷ καὶ πηλῷ ταῖς ἁμάξαις δυσπορεύτῳ ἔταξεν ὁ Κῦρος δύο ἄρχοντας τῶν Περσῶν λαμβάνειν τοῦ βαρβαρικοῦ στρατεύματος καὶ συνεκβιβάζειν τὰς ἁμάξας. ἐπεὶ δ’ ἐδόκουν αὐτῷ σχολαίως ποιεῖν, ὥσπερ ὀργῇ ἐκέλευσε τοὺς περὶ αὐτὸν Πέρσας τοὺς καλοὺς κἀγαθοὺς συνεπισπεύδειν τὰς ἁμάξας. ἔνθα δὴ μέρος τι τῆς εὐταξίας ἦν θεάσθαι.
And indeed, when in a narrow and muddy place difficult for the wagons to get through, Cyrus ordered two of the Persian leaders to enlist (some) of the barbarian army to help bring out the wagons. And when they seemed to him to go slowly, he as if in anger ordered the gentlemen accompanying him to help hurry the wagons. Thereupon indeed was an instance of their discipline seen.
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XLIV
417. |
1. εἰ δὲ χρῄζεις, πορεύου ἐπὶ τὸ ὄρος. 2. εἰς τὸ πεδίον ἀθροισθέντων οἱ Ἕλληνες. 3. τὰ δὲ πλοῖα μὴ μεταπέμψησθε. 4. παρακελεύεσθε Τισσαφέρνει στρεπτοὺς πέμπειν τοῖς ἄρχουσι καὶ ψέλει καὶ χιτῶνας. 5. πορευέσθω ἐν τῇ δεξιᾷ χειρὶ τὴν μάχαιραν ἔχων. 6. τὰ δὲ ἐπιτήδεια ἀγοράζεσθε καὶ συμπορεύθητε. 7. εὐθὺς οὖν πορεύεσθε μετὰ Κύρου εἰς τὴν ἀγορὰν ἐπισιτισμοῦ ἕνεκα. 8. μὴ αἰτιάσησθε τὸν ἄρχοντα ὅτι ἀπαράσκευός ἐστιν. 9. τοῦτον, ὦ ανδρες στρατιῶται, παίετε καὶ βιάσασθε πορεύεσθαι.
1.If you like, advance to the mountain. 2. Let the Greeks be mustard on the plain. 3. Do not send for the boats. 4. Urge Tissaphernes to send necklaces to the chiefs, also bracelets and tunics. 5. Let him march with the sabre in his right hand. 6. Buy yourselves supplies and accompany us. 7. Therefore go immediately with Cyrus to the market-place to procure supplies. 8. Do not reproach the commander because he is unprepared. 9. Fellow soldiers, beat this man and force him to march.
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| 418. |
1. Urge the soldiers to rest. 2. Send, Cyrus, for the generals and the captains of the Greeks. 3. Proceed with them, soldiers, into the villages. 4. Let the mercenaries be collected in the market-place. 5. Proceed slowly, soldiers, through the plain.
1. . παρακελεύσασθε τοῖς ὁπλίταις παύσασθαι. 2. μεταπέμψαι, ὦ Κῦρε, τοὺς στρατηγοὺς καὶ τοὺς τῶν Ἑλλήνων λοχαγούς. 3. συμπορεύεσθε συν αὐτοῖς, ὦ στρατιῶται, εἰς τὰς κώμας. 4. ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ ἀθροισθέντων οἱ μισθοφόροι. 5. πορεύεσθε σχολῇ, ὧ στρατιῶται, διὰ τοῦ πεδίου.
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| 419. |
ὥρμησαν γὰρ ὥσπερ περὶ νίκης κατὰ γηλόφου, ἔχοντες τούς τε καλοὺς χιτῶνας καὶ τὰς ποικίλας ἀναξυρίδας, ἔνιοι δὲ καὶ στρεπτοὺς περὶ τοῖς τραχήλοις καὶ ψέλια περὶ ταῖς χερσίν· εὐθὺς δὲ σὺν τοὺτοις εἰσεπήδησαν εἰς τὸν πηλὸν καὶ ἐξεκόμισαν τὰς ἁμάξας.
ὁ δὲ Κῦρος ἔσπευδε πᾶσαν τὴν ὁδὸν καὶ οὐ διέτριβεν ὅπου μὴ ἐπισιτισμοῦ ἕνεκα ἤ τινος ἄλλου ἔδει· ἐβούλετο γὰρ τὸν Ἀρταξέρξην ἀπαράσκευον λαμβάνειν.
For they hastened as if for victory down the hill, having both their fine tunics and party-colored trousers, some even with necklaces around their necks and bracelets on their arms; with these things, they leapt straight away into the mud and carried out the wagons.
Cyrus hurried the whole journey and did not waste time except where to gather supplies or for something else he needed; because he planned to catch Artaxerxes unprepared.
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XLV
423. |
1. μὴ πολεμεῖτε ἄδικον πόλεμον. 2. τολμάτω καὶ ὁ ἰδιώτης λέγειν. 3. μηκέτι ἀπαιτεῖτε τὸν μισθόν. 4. ὁρμᾶσθε εὐθὺς πεζῇ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐμπορίου. 5. ἐκ τῶν διφθερῶν σχεδίας ποιεῖσθε. 6. κάλει τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους δεῦρο. 7. μηκέτι φοβοῦ, ὦ Κλέαρχε, μὴ κυκλωθῇς ἑκατέρωθεν. 8. ἡγεμόνα αἰτεῖτε Κῦρον, ἵνα διὰ φιλίας τῆς χώρας ἀπάγῃ. 9. ἐρώτα δὲ αὐτους τίνος δὴ ἕνεκα ἐστράτευσαν ἐπὶ τοὺς φίλους. 10. ἡγοῦ, ὦ νεανία, ὅπου τὸν δρόμον πεποίηκας.
1. Do not wage unjust war. 2. Let the individual also dare to speak. 3. Do not demand your wages again. 4. Set out immediately on foot from the emporium. 5. Make yourselves rafts out of the tanned hides. 6. Bid the Lacedaemonians come hither. 7. No longer fear, O Clearchus, that you will be surrounded on both flanks. 8. Ask from Cyrus a guide, so that he may lead (you) back through a friendly country. 9. Ask them why they made war on their friends. 10. Lead the way, young man, to where you have made the race-course.
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| 424. |
1. Ask Cyrus for boats. 2. Try to do well by your friends. 3. Let Clearchus lead the right wing and Menon the left. 4. Call out to the general to bring the army here. 5. Besiege the stronghold both by land and by sea.
1. Κῦρον αἰτει πλοῖα. 2. πειρῶ εὐ ποιεῖν τοὺς φίλους. 3. Κλέαρχος τοῦ δεξιοῦ κέρως ἡγεῖσθω καὶ Μένων τοῦ εὐωνύμου. 4. τῷ στρατηγῷ βόα ἄγειν τὸ στράτευμα δεῦρο. 5. πολιορκεῖτε τὸ χωρίον ἰσχυρὸν καὶ κατὰ γῆν καὶ κατὰ θάλατταν.
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| 425. |
πέραν δὲ τοῦ Εὐφράτου ποταμοῦ κατὰ τοὺς ἐρήμους σταθμοὺς ἦν πόλις, ὄνομα δὲ Χαρμάνδη· ἐκ ταύτης οἱ στρατιῶται ἠγόραζον τὰ ἐπιτήδεια, τὸν ποταμὸν διαβαίνοντες σχεδίαις ὧδε. εἰς τὰς διφθέρας ἃς εἶχον στεγάσματα τῶν σκηνῶν εἰσέβαλλον χόρτον κοῦφον, εἶτα συνῆγον καὶ συνέσπων, ἵνα μὴ βρεχθείη ἡ κάρφη. ἐπὶ τούτων διέβαινον καὶ ἐλάμβανον τὰ ἐπιτήδεια, οἶνόν τε καὶ σῖτον.
Beyond the Euphrates river, on these desert marches, was a city named Charmande; the soldiers brought provisions out of it, crossing the river on rafts thusly: into the hides which they had as tent coverings, they threw light grass, then brought (the edges) together and sewed them, so that the hay would not get wet. On these they crossed and brought over their provisions, not only wine but also grain.
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